2024届高考英语一轮复习 Unit4《Earthquakes》词汇全方位训练1 新人教版必修1
2024届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇1
1.congratulation;congratulate n.;vt.祝贺；（复数）贺词，祝贺
【常考用法】
offer my congratulations on/upon his success我祝贺他成功
Congratulations （to you）!祝贺你！
many letters in congratulation of his birthday很多祝贺他生日的信件
congratulate you on/upon having done such a good job祝贺你工作完成出色
congratulate him on/upon the birth of his son祝贺他喜得贵子
congratulate you with all my heart我衷心祝贺你
congratulate you on your being elected as President of the General Assembly
祝贺你当选本届大会主席
【辨析】congratulate与celebrate
（1）congratulate意为“祝贺”，其宾语为人。
（2）celebrate意为“庆祝”，其宾语为物。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2024·江苏高考）—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.
—
! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.I’m so sorry
答案：A
A项意为“这下可放心了”；B项意为“恭喜，祝贺”；C项意为“好奇怪”；D项意为“对不起”。句意：“别担心，妈妈。医生说只是流感。”“这下可放心了！我将告诉你爸爸你没事。”母亲一直担心孩子的病，现在孩子告诉母亲只是流感，母亲自然是“放心”，故选A。
（2）（2009·山东高考）— John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh，
!
A.cheer up
B.well done C.go ahead
D.congratulations
答案：D
本题考查交际用语。cheer up“振作起来”，表示鼓励；well done干得好；go ahead干吧（做吧，用吧）；congratulations祝贺。根据上句“我和约翰将在下月庆祝结婚四十周年纪念”可知，答语应是表示祝贺。
（3）（2008·上海高考）The two sportsmen congratulated each other
winning the match by shaking hands.
A.with
B.on
C.in
D.to
答案：B
本题考查介词与动词共同构成的固定搭配形式。congratulate sb.on （doing） sth.表示“就某事向某人表示祝贺”，是固定搭配形式。
（4）（2008·安徽高考）—I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
—
That’s great!
A.Have I?
B.Pardon?
C.Congratulations!
D.Good idea!
答案：A
考查情景交际。句意：“我有好消息要告诉你。你被接受加入我们的俱乐部了。”“是吗？太好了！”根据语境可知应选A项。
2.judge n.裁判员，法官vt.断定，判断；判决
【常考用法】
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging from/by his manner从他的举止来看
judging from/by what he said由他说的话来判断
judge them （to be ）the best plays认为它们是最好的话剧
judge it safer to go away than to stay认为离开比留下安全
judge it of little importance断定它毫不重要
judge them to have gone断定他们已经走了
judge that the students had finished the exercises估计学生们已做完了练习
too young to judge which is better太年轻，不能判断哪一个更好
as a judge作为法官
3.express vt.表示，表达 n.快车；速递
【常考用法】
change here for an express在这里换乘快车
express the same ideas表达同一种思想
express my heartfelt gratitude to you again再一次地向大家表示衷心的感谢
express oneself表达自己的意思
express myself in good English用很好的英语来表达自己的观点
the express train快车
express our thought by means of words用词句来表达思想
express an opinion发表意见
express their interest in the project表明自己对这个项目的兴趣
express our heartfelt thanks to you向你表示衷心的感谢
express to you how grateful I am for your help你对我的帮助，我感激不尽
【拓展】
expression n.表情
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2024·山东高考）My first
of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression
答案：D
首先了解四个选项的意思。A项表示“表情；表达；词语”；B项表示“注意（力）；专心；关注”；C项表示“满意，满足”；D项表示“印象”。由题干中的关键信息he was a kind and thoughtful young man可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。
（2）（2011·福建高考）I’d prefer to
my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve
答案：D
本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我找到所有的证据之前，我宁愿保留我的看法。show显示，表明；express表明，表达；pass传递，通过；reserve保留。由句意可知D项正确。
（3）（2011·湖南高考）The ability
an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing
B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed
答案：C
本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式（短语）作后置定语，故排除A、B两项；此处the ability与to express是逻辑上的同位关系，故排除D项。解答这类题时，一定要弄清该用哪类非谓语动词以及非谓语动词和被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
（4）（2009·江苏高考）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he
it differently.
A.could express B.would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed
答案：C
本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意:他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达得有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词+完成时”这个形式来表示。
2024届高考英语一轮复习全方位配套训练人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes词汇1
1.congratulation;congratulate n.;vt.祝贺；（复数）贺词，祝贺
【常考用法】
offer my congratulations on/upon his success我祝贺他成功
Congratulations （to you）!祝贺你！
many letters in congratulation of his birthday很多祝贺他生日的信件
congratulate you on/upon having done such a good job祝贺你工作完成出色
congratulate him on/upon the birth of his son祝贺他喜得贵子
congratulate you with all my heart我衷心祝贺你
congratulate you on your being elected as President of the General Assembly
祝贺你当选本届大会主席
【辨析】congratulate与celebrate
（1）congratulate意为“祝贺”，其宾语为人。
（2）celebrate意为“庆祝”，其宾语为物。
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2024·江苏高考）—Don’t worry，Mum.The doctor said it was only the flu.
—
! I’ll tell Dad there’s nothing serious.
A.What a relief B.Congratulations C.How surprising D.I’m so sorry
答案：A
A项意为“这下可放心了”；B项意为“恭喜，祝贺”；C项意为“好奇怪”；D项意为“对不起”。句意：“别担心，妈妈。医生说只是流感。”“这下可放心了！我将告诉你爸爸你没事。”母亲一直担心孩子的病，现在孩子告诉母亲只是流感，母亲自然是“放心”，故选A。
（2）（2009·山东高考）— John and I will celebrate our fortieth wedding anniversary next month.
—Oh，
!
A.cheer up
B.well done C.go ahead
D.congratulations
答案：D
本题考查交际用语。cheer up“振作起来”，表示鼓励；well done干得好；go ahead干吧（做吧，用吧）；congratulations祝贺。根据上句“我和约翰将在下月庆祝结婚四十周年纪念”可知，答语应是表示祝贺。
（3）（2008·上海高考）The two sportsmen congratulated each other
winning the match by shaking hands.
A.with
B.on
C.in
D.to
答案：B
本题考查介词与动词共同构成的固定搭配形式。congratulate sb.on （doing） sth.表示“就某事向某人表示祝贺”，是固定搭配形式。
（4）（2008·安徽高考）—I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.
—
That’s great!
A.Have I?
B.Pardon?
C.Congratulations!
D.Good idea!
答案：A
考查情景交际。句意：“我有好消息要告诉你。你被接受加入我们的俱乐部了。”“是吗？太好了！”根据语境可知应选A项。
2.judge n.裁判员，法官vt.断定，判断；判决
【常考用法】
as far as I can judge据我判断
judging from/by his manner从他的举止来看
judging from/by what he said由他说的话来判断
judge them （to be ）the best plays认为它们是最好的话剧
judge it safer to go away than to stay认为离开比留下安全
judge it of little importance断定它毫不重要
judge them to have gone断定他们已经走了
judge that the students had finished the exercises估计学生们已做完了练习
too young to judge which is better太年轻，不能判断哪一个更好
as a judge作为法官
3.express vt.表示，表达 n.快车；速递
【常考用法】
change here for an express在这里换乘快车
express the same ideas表达同一种思想
express my heartfelt gratitude to you again再一次地向大家表示衷心的感谢
express oneself表达自己的意思
express myself in good English用很好的英语来表达自己的观点
the express train快车
express our thought by means of words用词句来表达思想
express an opinion发表意见
express their interest in the project表明自己对这个项目的兴趣
express our heartfelt thanks to you向你表示衷心的感谢
express to you how grateful I am for your help你对我的帮助，我感激不尽
【拓展】
expression n.表情
【十年高考链接】
（1）（2024·山东高考）My first
of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.
A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression
答案：D
首先了解四个选项的意思。A项表示“表情；表达；词语”；B项表示“注意（力）；专心；关注”；C项表示“满意，满足”；D项表示“印象”。由题干中的关键信息he was a kind and thoughtful young man可推知这是“我”对他的“印象”。句意：他给我的第一印象就是，他是一个和善且关心别人的年轻人。
（2）（2011·福建高考）I’d prefer to
my judgement until I find all the evidence.
A.show B.express C.pass D.reserve
答案：D
本题考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我找到所有的证据之前，我宁愿保留我的看法。show显示，表明；express表明，表达；pass传递，通过；reserve保留。由句意可知D项正确。
（3）（2011·湖南高考）The ability
an idea is as important as the idea itself.
A.expressing
B.expressed C.to express D.to be expressed
答案：C
本题考查非谓语动词作后置定语。句意：表达观点的能力和观点本身同等重要。ability后通常跟动词不定式（短语）作后置定语，故排除A、B两项；此处the ability与to express是逻辑上的同位关系，故排除D项。解答这类题时，一定要弄清该用哪类非谓语动词以及非谓语动词和被修饰词之间的逻辑关系。
（4）（2009·江苏高考）He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he
it differently.
A.could express B.would express C.could have expressed D.must have expressed
答案：C
本题考查虚拟语气的用法。句意:他并没有遗憾说了他所做的事情，但是他觉得他本来可以表达得有所不同。因为是对过去的情况进行的一种虚拟，所以用“情态动词+完成时”这个形式来表示。
