山东省郯城第三中学高中英语语法大全：第1章 主谓一致（含巩固练习）

　　词法

　　一.概念:

　　主谓一致是指：

　　1） 2）

　　3）

　　一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：

　　There is much water in the thermos.

　　但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

　　Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

　　二.相关知识点精讲

　　1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：

　　Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

　　注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：

　　The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

　　The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

　　A. isB. was　 C. are　 D. were

　　B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

　　1)当there be

　　　There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

　　There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。

　　2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：

　　Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。

　　Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。

　　当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：

　　The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。

　　He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。

　　谓语需用单数5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数

　　1）代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：

　　All is right.　一切顺利。

　　All are present.　人都到齐了。

　　2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：

　　His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。

　　His family are music lovers.　他家个个都是音乐爱好者。

　　但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：

　　Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗？

　　3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority

　　A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

　　The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

　　A number of books have lent out.

　　The majority of the students like English.

　　6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况

　　1）用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：

　　Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。

　　Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.

　　2）用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of

　　A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。

　　A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。

　　3）如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of

　　Many a person has read the novel.　许多人读过这本书。

　　More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。

　　1. The number of people invited

　　______

　　fifty, but a number of them

　　_______

　　absent for different reasons.

　　A. were,

　　was

　　B. was, was

　　C. was,

　　were

　　D. were, were

　　（

　　） 2. E-mail, as well as telephones,

　　________ an important part in daily communication.

　　A. is playing

　　B. have played

　　C. are playing

　　D. play

　　（

　　） 3. ______

　　of the land in that district

　　______

　　covered with trees and grass.

　　A. Two fifth,

　　is

　　B. Two fifth,

　　are

　　C. Two fifths,

　　is

　　D. Two fifths,

　　are

　　（

　　） 4. license.

　　A. has

　　B. have

　　C. is having

　　D. are having’

　　（

　　） 6. Joy and Sorrow

　　_____

　　next-door neighbours.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. were

　　D. be

　　（

　　）7. In my opinion, some of the news

　　_____

　　unbelievable.

　　A. are

　　B. is

　　C. has been

　　D. have been

　　（

　　）8. When

　　______

　　the United Nations founded?

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. was

　　D. were

　　（

　　）9. Every possible means

　　_____

　　.

　　A. has tried

　　B. has been tried

　　C. was tried

　　D. were tried

　　（

　　） 10. What she says and does

　　_____

　　nothing to do with me.

　　A. was

　　B. were

　　C. has

　　D. have

　　（

　　）11. There

　　_____

　　a dictionary and several books on the desk.

　　A. are

　　B. must

　　C. have been

　　D. is

　　（

　　）12. Nobody

　　______

　　seen the film.

　　It’s a pity.

　　A. but Tom and Jack have

　　B. except Tom and Jack have

　　C. but my friends has

　　D. but I have

　　（

　　）13. No teacher and no student

　　______．

　　A. are admitted

　　B. is admitted

　　C. are admitting

　　D. is admitting

　　（

　　）14. All but one

　　______ here just now.

　　A. is

　　B. was

　　C. has been

　　D. were

　　（

　　）15. When and where to build the new factory

　　_____

　　yet.

　　A. is not decided

　　B. are not decided

　　C. has not decided

　　D. have not decided

　　（

　　） 16. The writer and singer

　　______

　　here.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. were

　　D. do

　　（

　　） 17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes

　　_____ all that I can spare to talk with you.

　　A. are

　　B. was

　　C. is

　　D. were

　　（

　　） 18.

　　In those days John with his classmates

　　_____

　　kept busy preparing for the exam.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. was

　　D. were

　　（

　　） 19. —— ____

　　your clothes?

　　——No,

　　mine

　　_____ hanging over there.

　　A. Is it, is

　　B. Are these, are

　　C. Is it, are

　　D. Are these, is

　　（

　　） 20. The Smith’s family, which

　　____

　　rather a large one,

　　____ very fond of their old houses.

　　A. were, were

　　B. was, was

　　C. were, was

　　D. was, were

　　（

　　） 21. What the teacher and the students want to say

　　_____ that either of the countries

　　____ beautiful.

　　A. are,

　　are

　　B. is, is

　　C. are, is

　　D. is, are

　　（

　　） 22. He is the only one of the students who

　　_____ a winner of scholarship for three years.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. have been

　　D. has been

　　（

　　） 23. _____

　　of my brothers are reporters.

　　Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings

　　______

　　their duty.

　　A. Each, are

　　B. Both, is

　　C. Neither, are

　　D. None, is

　　（

　　） 24. —— What do you think of the ______ of the coat?

　　—— It’s rather high.

　　You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.

　　A. value

　　B. cost

　　C. price

　　D. use

　　（

　　） 25. —— Are the two answers correct?

　　—— No,

　　______

　　correct.

　　A. no one is

　　B. both are not

　　C. neither is

　　D. either is not

　　（

　　） 26. The wind, together with rain and fog,

　　_____

　　making sailing difficult.

　　A. have been

　　B. was

　　C. /

　　D/ are

　　词法

　　一.概念:

　　主谓一致是指：

　　1） 2）

　　3）

　　一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：

　　There is much water in the thermos.

　　但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：

　　Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

　　二.相关知识点精讲

　　1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如：

　　Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

　　注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：

　　The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

　　The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

　　A. isB. was　 C. are　 D. were

　　B. 注： 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。

　　1)当there be

　　　There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

　　There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。

　　2）当either… or… 与neither… nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：

　　Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。

　　Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。

　　当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：

　　The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。

　　He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。

　　谓语需用单数5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数

　　1）代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：

　　All is right.　一切顺利。

　　All are present.　人都到齐了。

　　2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：

　　His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。

　　His family are music lovers.　他家个个都是音乐爱好者。

　　但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：

　　Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗？

　　3）有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority

　　A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

　　The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

　　A number of books have lent out.

　　The majority of the students like English.

　　6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况

　　1）用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：

　　Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。

　　Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.

　　2）用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of

　　A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。

　　A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。

　　3）如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of

　　Many a person has read the novel.　许多人读过这本书。

　　More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。

　　1. The number of people invited

　　______

　　fifty, but a number of them

　　_______

　　absent for different reasons.

　　A. were,

　　was

　　B. was, was

　　C. was,

　　were

　　D. were, were

　　（

　　） 2. E-mail, as well as telephones,

　　________ an important part in daily communication.

　　A. is playing

　　B. have played

　　C. are playing

　　D. play

　　（

　　） 3. ______

　　of the land in that district

　　______

　　covered with trees and grass.

　　A. Two fifth,

　　is

　　B. Two fifth,

　　are

　　C. Two fifths,

　　is

　　D. Two fifths,

　　are

　　（

　　） 4. license.

　　A. has

　　B. have

　　C. is having

　　D. are having’

　　（

　　） 6. Joy and Sorrow

　　_____

　　next-door neighbours.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. were

　　D. be

　　（

　　）7. In my opinion, some of the news

　　_____

　　unbelievable.

　　A. are

　　B. is

　　C. has been

　　D. have been

　　（

　　）8. When

　　______

　　the United Nations founded?

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. was

　　D. were

　　（

　　）9. Every possible means

　　_____

　　.

　　A. has tried

　　B. has been tried

　　C. was tried

　　D. were tried

　　（

　　） 10. What she says and does

　　_____

　　nothing to do with me.

　　A. was

　　B. were

　　C. has

　　D. have

　　（

　　）11. There

　　_____

　　a dictionary and several books on the desk.

　　A. are

　　B. must

　　C. have been

　　D. is

　　（

　　）12. Nobody

　　______

　　seen the film.

　　It’s a pity.

　　A. but Tom and Jack have

　　B. except Tom and Jack have

　　C. but my friends has

　　D. but I have

　　（

　　）13. No teacher and no student

　　______．

　　A. are admitted

　　B. is admitted

　　C. are admitting

　　D. is admitting

　　（

　　）14. All but one

　　______ here just now.

　　A. is

　　B. was

　　C. has been

　　D. were

　　（

　　）15. When and where to build the new factory

　　_____

　　yet.

　　A. is not decided

　　B. are not decided

　　C. has not decided

　　D. have not decided

　　（

　　） 16. The writer and singer

　　______

　　here.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. were

　　D. do

　　（

　　） 17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes

　　_____ all that I can spare to talk with you.

　　A. are

　　B. was

　　C. is

　　D. were

　　（

　　） 18.

　　In those days John with his classmates

　　_____

　　kept busy preparing for the exam.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. was

　　D. were

　　（

　　） 19. —— ____

　　your clothes?

　　——No,

　　mine

　　_____ hanging over there.

　　A. Is it, is

　　B. Are these, are

　　C. Is it, are

　　D. Are these, is

　　（

　　） 20. The Smith’s family, which

　　____

　　rather a large one,

　　____ very fond of their old houses.

　　A. were, were

　　B. was, was

　　C. were, was

　　D. was, were

　　（

　　） 21. What the teacher and the students want to say

　　_____ that either of the countries

　　____ beautiful.

　　A. are,

　　are

　　B. is, is

　　C. are, is

　　D. is, are

　　（

　　） 22. He is the only one of the students who

　　_____ a winner of scholarship for three years.

　　A. is

　　B. are

　　C. have been

　　D. has been

　　（

　　） 23. _____

　　of my brothers are reporters.

　　Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings

　　______

　　their duty.

　　A. Each, are

　　B. Both, is

　　C. Neither, are

　　D. None, is

　　（

　　） 24. —— What do you think of the ______ of the coat?

　　—— It’s rather high.

　　You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.

　　A. value

　　B. cost

　　C. price

　　D. use

　　（

　　） 25. —— Are the two answers correct?

　　—— No,

　　______

　　correct.

　　A. no one is

　　B. both are not

　　C. neither is

　　D. either is not

　　（

　　） 26. The wind, together with rain and fog,

　　_____

　　making sailing difficult.

　　A. have been

　　B. was

　　C. /

　　D/ are