山东省郯城第三中学高中英语语法大全:第1章 主谓一致(含巩固练习)

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山东省郯城第三中学高中英语语法大全:第1章  主谓一致(含巩固练习)

  词法

  一.概念:

  主谓一致是指:

  1) 2)

  3)

  一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如:

  There is much water in the thermos.

  但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:

  Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

  二.相关知识点精讲

  1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:

   

  Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

  注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如:

  The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

   

  The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

  A. isB. was  C. are  D. were

  B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

  1)当there be

   There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

  There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。

  2)当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如:

  Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。

  Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。

  当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:

  The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。

  He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。

  谓语需用单数5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数

  1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如:

  All is right. 一切顺利。

  All are present. 人都到齐了。

  2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如:

  His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。

  His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。

  但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如:

  Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗?

  3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority

   

  A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

  The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

  A number of books have lent out.

   

  The majority of the students like English.

  6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况

  1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如:

  Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。

  Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.

  2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of

  A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。

  A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。

  3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of

   

  Many a person has read the novel. 许多人读过这本书。

  More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。

  1. The number of people invited

  ______

  fifty, but a number of them

  _______

  absent for different reasons.

  A. were,

  was

  B. was, was

  C. was,

  were

  D. were, were

  (

  ) 2. E-mail, as well as telephones,

  ________ an important part in daily communication.

  A. is playing

  B. have played

  C. are playing

  D. play

  (

  ) 3. ______

  of the land in that district

  ______

  covered with trees and grass.

  A. Two fifth,

  is

  B. Two fifth,

  are

  C. Two fifths,

  is

  D. Two fifths,

  are

  (

  ) 4. license.

  A. has

  B. have

  C. is having

  D. are having’

  (

  ) 6. Joy and Sorrow

  _____

  next-door neighbours.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. were

  D. be

  (

  )7. In my opinion, some of the news

  _____

  unbelievable.

  A. are

  B. is

  C. has been

  D. have been

  (

  )8. When

  ______

  the United Nations founded?

  A. is

  B. are

  C. was

  D. were

  (

  )9. Every possible means

  _____

  .

  A. has tried

  B. has been tried

  C. was tried

  D. were tried

  (

  ) 10. What she says and does

  _____

  nothing to do with me.

  A. was

  B. were

  C. has

  D. have

  (

  )11. There

  _____

  a dictionary and several books on the desk.

  A. are

  B. must

  C. have been

  D. is

  (

  )12. Nobody

  ______

  seen the film.

  It’s a pity.

  A. but Tom and Jack have

  B. except Tom and Jack have

  C. but my friends has

  D. but I have

  (

  )13. No teacher and no student

  ______.

  A. are admitted

  B. is admitted

  C. are admitting

  D. is admitting

  (

  )14. All but one

  ______ here just now.

  A. is

  B. was

  C. has been

  D. were

  (

  )15. When and where to build the new factory

  _____

  yet.

  A. is not decided

  B. are not decided

  C. has not decided

  D. have not decided

  (

  ) 16. The writer and singer

  ______

  here.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. were

  D. do

  (

  ) 17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes

  _____ all that I can spare to talk with you.

  A. are

  B. was

  C. is

  D. were

  (

  ) 18.

  In those days John with his classmates

  _____

  kept busy preparing for the exam.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. was

  D. were

  (

  ) 19. —— ____

  your clothes?

  ——No,

  mine

  _____ hanging over there.

  A. Is it, is

  B. Are these, are

  C. Is it, are

  D. Are these, is

  (

  ) 20. The Smith’s family, which

  ____

  rather a large one,

  ____ very fond of their old houses.

  A. were, were

  B. was, was

  C. were, was

  D. was, were

  (

  ) 21. What the teacher and the students want to say

  _____ that either of the countries

  ____ beautiful.

  A. are,

  are

  B. is, is

  C. are, is

  D. is, are

  (

  ) 22. He is the only one of the students who

  _____ a winner of scholarship for three years.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. have been

  D. has been

  (

  ) 23. _____

  of my brothers are reporters.

  Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings

  ______

  their duty.

  A. Each, are

  B. Both, is

  C. Neither, are

  D. None, is

  (

  ) 24. —— What do you think of the ______ of the coat?

  —— It’s rather high.

  You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.

  A. value

  B. cost

  C. price

  D. use

  (

  ) 25. —— Are the two answers correct?

  —— No,

  ______

  correct.

  A. no one is

  B. both are not

  C. neither is

  D. either is not

  (

  ) 26. The wind, together with rain and fog,

  _____

  making sailing difficult.

  A. have been

  B. was

  C. /

  D/ are

  词法

  一.概念:

  主谓一致是指:

  1) 2)

  3)

  一般来说,不可数名词用动词单数,可数名词复数用动词复数。例如:

  There is much water in the thermos.

  但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如:

  Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.

  二.相关知识点精讲

  1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数,例如:

   

  Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。

  注意:当主语由and连结时,如果它表示一个单一的概念,即指同一人或同一物时,谓语动词用单数,and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如:

  The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。

   

  The League secretary and monitor ___ asked to make a speech at the meeting.

  A. isB. was  C. are  D. were

  B. 注: 先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时,先排除A.,C。本题易误选D,因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人,但仔细辨别,monitor 前没有the,在英语中,当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人,所以应选B。

  1)当there be

   There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。

  There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩,二十三个女孩。

  2)当either… or… 与neither… nor,连接两个主语时,谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导,而主语又不止一个时,谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如:

  Either you or she is to go. 不是你去,就是她去。

  Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。

  当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如:

  The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。

  He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。

  谓语需用单数5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数

  1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如:

  All is right. 一切顺利。

  All are present. 人都到齐了。

  2)集体名词作主语时,谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后,谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员,用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如:

  His family isn't very large. 他家成员不多。

  His family are music lovers. 他家个个都是音乐爱好者。

  但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如:

  Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗?

  3)有些名词,如variety, number, population, proportion, majority

   

  A number of +名词复数+复数动词。

  The number of +名词复数+单数动词。

  A number of books have lent out.

   

  The majority of the students like English.

  6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况

  1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如:

  Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。

  Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.

  2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of

  A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。

  A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。

  3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than… of

   

  Many a person has read the novel. 许多人读过这本书。

  More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。

  1. The number of people invited

  ______

  fifty, but a number of them

  _______

  absent for different reasons.

  A. were,

  was

  B. was, was

  C. was,

  were

  D. were, were

  (

  ) 2. E-mail, as well as telephones,

  ________ an important part in daily communication.

  A. is playing

  B. have played

  C. are playing

  D. play

  (

  ) 3. ______

  of the land in that district

  ______

  covered with trees and grass.

  A. Two fifth,

  is

  B. Two fifth,

  are

  C. Two fifths,

  is

  D. Two fifths,

  are

  (

  ) 4. license.

  A. has

  B. have

  C. is having

  D. are having’

  (

  ) 6. Joy and Sorrow

  _____

  next-door neighbours.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. were

  D. be

  (

  )7. In my opinion, some of the news

  _____

  unbelievable.

  A. are

  B. is

  C. has been

  D. have been

  (

  )8. When

  ______

  the United Nations founded?

  A. is

  B. are

  C. was

  D. were

  (

  )9. Every possible means

  _____

  .

  A. has tried

  B. has been tried

  C. was tried

  D. were tried

  (

  ) 10. What she says and does

  _____

  nothing to do with me.

  A. was

  B. were

  C. has

  D. have

  (

  )11. There

  _____

  a dictionary and several books on the desk.

  A. are

  B. must

  C. have been

  D. is

  (

  )12. Nobody

  ______

  seen the film.

  It’s a pity.

  A. but Tom and Jack have

  B. except Tom and Jack have

  C. but my friends has

  D. but I have

  (

  )13. No teacher and no student

  ______.

  A. are admitted

  B. is admitted

  C. are admitting

  D. is admitting

  (

  )14. All but one

  ______ here just now.

  A. is

  B. was

  C. has been

  D. were

  (

  )15. When and where to build the new factory

  _____

  yet.

  A. is not decided

  B. are not decided

  C. has not decided

  D. have not decided

  (

  ) 16. The writer and singer

  ______

  here.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. were

  D. do

  (

  ) 17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes

  _____ all that I can spare to talk with you.

  A. are

  B. was

  C. is

  D. were

  (

  ) 18.

  In those days John with his classmates

  _____

  kept busy preparing for the exam.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. was

  D. were

  (

  ) 19. —— ____

  your clothes?

  ——No,

  mine

  _____ hanging over there.

  A. Is it, is

  B. Are these, are

  C. Is it, are

  D. Are these, is

  (

  ) 20. The Smith’s family, which

  ____

  rather a large one,

  ____ very fond of their old houses.

  A. were, were

  B. was, was

  C. were, was

  D. was, were

  (

  ) 21. What the teacher and the students want to say

  _____ that either of the countries

  ____ beautiful.

  A. are,

  are

  B. is, is

  C. are, is

  D. is, are

  (

  ) 22. He is the only one of the students who

  _____ a winner of scholarship for three years.

  A. is

  B. are

  C. have been

  D. has been

  (

  ) 23. _____

  of my brothers are reporters.

  Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings

  ______

  their duty.

  A. Each, are

  B. Both, is

  C. Neither, are

  D. None, is

  (

  ) 24. —— What do you think of the ______ of the coat?

  —— It’s rather high.

  You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.

  A. value

  B. cost

  C. price

  D. use

  (

  ) 25. —— Are the two answers correct?

  —— No,

  ______

  correct.

  A. no one is

  B. both are not

  C. neither is

  D. either is not

  (

  ) 26. The wind, together with rain and fog,

  _____

  making sailing difficult.

  A. have been

  B. was

  C. /

  D/ are