2024届高考英语一轮复习 语篇微写作强化系列Test16精选导学案 北师大版
2024届高考英语一轮复习 语篇微写作强化系列Test16精选导学案 北师大版
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A senior United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF) official on May 29 praised China for its remarkable achievements in children’s welfare(福利)．
A．H.M.Farook，UNICEF’s operations area officer for China and Mongolia said that China “can be very satisfied to tell the whole world what can be done with limited resources to help its children to grow healthily and happily.”
China’s child population makes up one-fifth of the world’s total.“The reason behind the tremendous(巨大的) achievement is China’s long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society，” he said.
“What’s more is that Chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” The UN official made the remarks when addressing a group of 50 children and staff from the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home at the Shangri-la Hotel，Beijing.
The hotel invited the orphans to share snacks(小吃)，sing，dance and play games at a park inside the hotel for a “Share the Sunshine” party，as a prelude(前奏) to celebrations to mark the Children’s Day.
The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.
A leading official of the welfare institution said that the children live a happy life and that the agency(机构) spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.An average Chinese workers earned 440 yuan a month during the first quarter this year.
Gu Xiaojin，deputy secretary-general of the China Youth Development Foundation(CYDF)，said people from all walks of life have contributed to the welfare of the Chinese children.
She said that CYDF set up the Project Hope in 1989，which calls on people across the country to donate money to help poor children to continue their schooling.
By the end of last year，she said，CYDF had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations，which has helped the establishment of 2,074 Hope Primary Schools and enabled more than 1.25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms.
Three “Hope Stars” also attended the party.They were model teenagers chosen among students who are economically supported by the Project Hope to further their nine-year compulsory(义务) studies in the poverty-stricken regions.They will be torchbearers(火炬接力者) for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.
1．Children can grow healthily and happily as long as ________.
A．parents take good care of them both at home and in society
B．the whole society care for children as well as their parents
C．schools and teachers pay much attention to the growth of children
D．Chinese people always give special attention to children who are in special need
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段得知青少年能健康幸福成长的条件是社会和家庭共同关心小孩，故选 B项。
2．Every year the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home spends ________ on the orphans.
A．1,920,000 yuan
B．2,160,000 yuan
C．over 2,400,000 yuan
D．2,200,000 yuan or so
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，...has at present spent more than 400 children.”和“...the agency spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.”可知一年的费用在1,920，000 yuan和2,400,000 yuan之间，当然也不会正好是2,160,000 yuan，故答案选D项。
3．CYDF collected 700 million yuan with the purpose of ________.
A．reducing dropouts
B．helping homeless orphans
C．supporting the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games
D．establishing 2,074 Hope Primary Schools all over the country
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知这笔钱用在贫困地区建立希望小学和让失学儿童返校。
4．We can infer from the text that ________.
A．every Chinese child has its own special need，so we should pay special attention to each
B．all the children in the poverty-stricken regions of China are too poor to go to school
C．ever since liberation the Chinese Communist Party has been concerned about the growth of the younger generation
D．with the help of UNICEF officials，there are no more dropouts in China
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.”可知C项为正确答案。
5．It is possible that this passage was written in ________.
A．1992
B．1996
C．1998
D．2000
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。亚特兰大奥运会是 1996年召开的，再根据“They will be torchbearers for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.”可知这篇文章写于 1996年，故选B项。
B
On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.It’s known later that several officers were also aboard，observing the training exercises.The Kursk is lying on the ocean floor in the Barents Sea.The Russian Navy said that it was listing 30 degrees to port.Other sources reported it was listing as much 60 as degrees.According to a Russian newspaper，when the submarine Kursk failed to make_contact_with the naval command at the right time later that day，Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.It took hours to find the submarine，as it didn’t launch(发射) a marking buoy(浮) before sinking.
Russian Navy Chief insisted that the submarine Kursk had been involved in a major collision(碰撞)，but a great deal of information shows that this is not true.Up till now，it’s believed that an explosion in the torpedo compartment(鱼雷舱) in the nose of the Kursk was the likely cause.Now Russian government officially asked Norway for help in recovering of sailors’ bodies first of all，and Norway has agreed to offer all help.But Russian insisted that only Russians work inside the submarine Kursk and that the work last for about 10～18 working days.It is expected to recover only 25～35 bodies from the Kursk.
It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.On November 7，in the morning，owing to the icy and the cold weather，a special rescue meeting held on Murmansk decided to stop the whole bodies recovering operation.
6．From the text we can infer that ________ led to the sinking of the submarine Kursk.
A．a small fighting with another foreign submarine
B．an explosion inside the submarine Kursk
C．a great collision inside the submarine Kursk
D．an attack from another foreign submarine
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句话可知答案。
7．After Kursk accident occurred，Northern Fleet Commander Popov ________.
A．decided to recover all the sailors’ bodies immediately
B．went to apply to Norway for help at once
C．decided to find out the real cause of sinking at once
D．sent several rescue ships into the Barents Sea
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“...Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.”可知答案。
8．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A．If the rescue work did within 10～18 days，there would be about 30 sailors to be recovered.
B．It was not believed that there were many nuclear weapons inside the Kursk.
C．A team of divers from Norway entered the submarine Kursk successfully on Oct.25.
D．It’s reported that a major collision was unlikely to cause the sinking of the Kursk.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句话可得出答案。
9．Why did Russia insist that only Russian divers can work inside the submarine Kursk?
A．Because the Barents Sea is very icy and the weather is too cold.
B．Because Russia feared that the top secrets inside the Kursk will be let out.
C．Because Russian divers are much more skilled than those from Norway.
D．Because Russian government wants to bring the cost down to the lowest degree.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。此题属考查考生的国际军事外交常识。其中四个选项文章中均没有提及到，但比较四个选项可以发现B选项(核潜艇内部设备属于国家机密，不允许别国的人入内，以免泄密)较合情理。
10．The underlined words “make contact with” in the first paragraph refers to the idea that the submarine Kursk can’t________.
A．get in touch after much effort with the naval command
B．send up the nuclear weapons in the training exercises
C．get the naval officers to return to the Northern Fleet
D．get in touch after much effort with Russian government
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。从第一段后部分内容中可猜出是 the naval command与 submarine Kurst“失去联系”后，Northern Fleet Commander估计 submarine Kurst发生了事故，才派遣搜救船队。
Ⅱ.微写作
写作素材
1．我在英语学习中的主要问题如下。
2．记单词难，说英语时紧张。
3．希望你能给我一些记生词的建议。
4．在你的帮助下我的英语会取得很大的进步。
(素材来源于2024·四川·书面表达)
提示：尽量使用高级表达：as follows；it作形式宾语；状语从句的省略；do用于强调谓语；宾语从句等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
My main problems in my English study are as follows：I feel it difficult to learn words by heart and I often feel nervous when speaking English.I do hope you can give me some advice on how to memorize new words and I believe I can make much progress in English with your help.
1．attention n．注意力；照料 pay attention to注意 attract/draw one’s attention吸引某人注意 bring sth.to one’s attention某事引起某人注意
2．involve v．包含；需要；牵涉 involve doing...需要做…… get involved in与……有关 involve sb.in sth.鼓励某人参与……
3．care for喜欢；照顾 care about介意 with care小心地 take care of照顾
4．from all walks of life来自各行各业
5．It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.
本句为强调句型，强调until引导的时间状语从句，连词when引导定语从句，修饰October_25。some意为“大约”。改为正常句子为：Truth_didn’t_become_clear_until_October_25,when_a_team_of_Russian_divers_entered_the_submarine_Kursk，some_350_feet_below_the_surface.
如何处理阅读理解中生词量比较多的文章？
1．巧妙绕开生词
也就是说，只要我们总体上把握了文章的意思，不必认识每一个单词也能理解整篇文章。(1)英语文章中不是所有的词的功能都是同等的，有些词担负着传达主要信息的功能，而有些词主要起语法作用或传达的信息和下文的其他信息没有联系。这类词有：表示人名、地名、机构名等的专有名词。遇到这些词，只要能辨认出它是专有名词，就能理解文章而不必知道它的意思。(2)不必认识每一个单词的另一原因是，它们的后面往往有一个同位语来解释意思，或者读者可根据上下文的其他信息来帮助判断。这类信息有：同位语、下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、构词法以及标点符号(如破折号、冒号都表示解释和说明)等。
2．学会只猜测生词的大概意义，而不去追求其准确含义。
例如：The Asian gibbon，like other apes，is specially adapted for life in trees.只要猜出gibbon是ape的一种就行，不需知道其准确意思。再如本节中的B篇文章中生词量比较大，有些生词我们没必要知道其确切意义，只知其大概意义即可。
3．通过上下文猜测词义，可以利用某一生词前后出现的其他单词的意思或整个句子的意思来猜测生词，也可利用语法知识和标点符号来猜测，或者利用说明词义的定语从句或同位语从句来猜测。如B篇中On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training
exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.通过资讯知识和上下文语境我们知道，本文描述的是2000年8月12日，俄罗斯的一艘潜水艇连同120余名官兵沉入Barents海100多米的水底的故事，所以我们可以大体上猜测一下submarine的意义。
2024届高考英语一轮复习 语篇微写作强化系列Test16精选导学案 北师大版
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
A senior United Nations Children’s Fund(UNICEF) official on May 29 praised China for its remarkable achievements in children’s welfare(福利)．
A．H.M.Farook，UNICEF’s operations area officer for China and Mongolia said that China “can be very satisfied to tell the whole world what can be done with limited resources to help its children to grow healthily and happily.”
China’s child population makes up one-fifth of the world’s total.“The reason behind the tremendous(巨大的) achievement is China’s long tradition of caring for children both at home and in society，” he said.
“What’s more is that Chinese people have always given special attention to children who are in special need.” The UN official made the remarks when addressing a group of 50 children and staff from the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home at the Shangri-la Hotel，Beijing.
The hotel invited the orphans to share snacks(小吃)，sing，dance and play games at a park inside the hotel for a “Share the Sunshine” party，as a prelude(前奏) to celebrations to mark the Children’s Day.
The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.
A leading official of the welfare institution said that the children live a happy life and that the agency(机构) spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.An average Chinese workers earned 440 yuan a month during the first quarter this year.
Gu Xiaojin，deputy secretary-general of the China Youth Development Foundation(CYDF)，said people from all walks of life have contributed to the welfare of the Chinese children.
She said that CYDF set up the Project Hope in 1989，which calls on people across the country to donate money to help poor children to continue their schooling.
By the end of last year，she said，CYDF had collected nearly 700 million yuan in donations，which has helped the establishment of 2,074 Hope Primary Schools and enabled more than 1.25 million dropouts to return to school classrooms.
Three “Hope Stars” also attended the party.They were model teenagers chosen among students who are economically supported by the Project Hope to further their nine-year compulsory(义务) studies in the poverty-stricken regions.They will be torchbearers(火炬接力者) for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.
1．Children can grow healthily and happily as long as ________.
A．parents take good care of them both at home and in society
B．the whole society care for children as well as their parents
C．schools and teachers pay much attention to the growth of children
D．Chinese people always give special attention to children who are in special need
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段得知青少年能健康幸福成长的条件是社会和家庭共同关心小孩，故选 B项。
2．Every year the Beijing Children’s Welfare Home spends ________ on the orphans.
A．1,920,000 yuan
B．2,160,000 yuan
C．over 2,400,000 yuan
D．2,200,000 yuan or so
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，...has at present spent more than 400 children.”和“...the agency spends 400—500 yuan a month for an average orphan.”可知一年的费用在1,920，000 yuan和2,400,000 yuan之间，当然也不会正好是2,160,000 yuan，故答案选D项。
3．CYDF collected 700 million yuan with the purpose of ________.
A．reducing dropouts
B．helping homeless orphans
C．supporting the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games
D．establishing 2,074 Hope Primary Schools all over the country
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知这笔钱用在贫困地区建立希望小学和让失学儿童返校。
4．We can infer from the text that ________.
A．every Chinese child has its own special need，so we should pay special attention to each
B．all the children in the poverty-stricken regions of China are too poor to go to school
C．ever since liberation the Chinese Communist Party has been concerned about the growth of the younger generation
D．with the help of UNICEF officials，there are no more dropouts in China
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据“The Beijing children’s Welfare Home，set up soon after New China was founded in 1949，has at present more than 400 children.”可知C项为正确答案。
5．It is possible that this passage was written in ________.
A．1992
B．1996
C．1998
D．2000
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。亚特兰大奥运会是 1996年召开的，再根据“They will be torchbearers for the Chinese Team for the coming Atlanta Olympic Games this year.”可知这篇文章写于 1996年，故选B项。
B
On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.It’s known later that several officers were also aboard，observing the training exercises.The Kursk is lying on the ocean floor in the Barents Sea.The Russian Navy said that it was listing 30 degrees to port.Other sources reported it was listing as much 60 as degrees.According to a Russian newspaper，when the submarine Kursk failed to make_contact_with the naval command at the right time later that day，Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.It took hours to find the submarine，as it didn’t launch(发射) a marking buoy(浮) before sinking.
Russian Navy Chief insisted that the submarine Kursk had been involved in a major collision(碰撞)，but a great deal of information shows that this is not true.Up till now，it’s believed that an explosion in the torpedo compartment(鱼雷舱) in the nose of the Kursk was the likely cause.Now Russian government officially asked Norway for help in recovering of sailors’ bodies first of all，and Norway has agreed to offer all help.But Russian insisted that only Russians work inside the submarine Kursk and that the work last for about 10～18 working days.It is expected to recover only 25～35 bodies from the Kursk.
It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.On November 7，in the morning，owing to the icy and the cold weather，a special rescue meeting held on Murmansk decided to stop the whole bodies recovering operation.
6．From the text we can infer that ________ led to the sinking of the submarine Kursk.
A．a small fighting with another foreign submarine
B．an explosion inside the submarine Kursk
C．a great collision inside the submarine Kursk
D．an attack from another foreign submarine
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段第二句话可知答案。
7．After Kursk accident occurred，Northern Fleet Commander Popov ________.
A．decided to recover all the sailors’ bodies immediately
B．went to apply to Norway for help at once
C．decided to find out the real cause of sinking at once
D．sent several rescue ships into the Barents Sea
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“...Northern Fleet Commander Admiral Vyachesav Popov ordered rescue ships into the area.”可知答案。
8．Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A．If the rescue work did within 10～18 days，there would be about 30 sailors to be recovered.
B．It was not believed that there were many nuclear weapons inside the Kursk.
C．A team of divers from Norway entered the submarine Kursk successfully on Oct.25.
D．It’s reported that a major collision was unlikely to cause the sinking of the Kursk.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二句话可得出答案。
9．Why did Russia insist that only Russian divers can work inside the submarine Kursk?
A．Because the Barents Sea is very icy and the weather is too cold.
B．Because Russia feared that the top secrets inside the Kursk will be let out.
C．Because Russian divers are much more skilled than those from Norway.
D．Because Russian government wants to bring the cost down to the lowest degree.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。此题属考查考生的国际军事外交常识。其中四个选项文章中均没有提及到，但比较四个选项可以发现B选项(核潜艇内部设备属于国家机密，不允许别国的人入内，以免泄密)较合情理。
10．The underlined words “make contact with” in the first paragraph refers to the idea that the submarine Kursk can’t________.
A．get in touch after much effort with the naval command
B．send up the nuclear weapons in the training exercises
C．get the naval officers to return to the Northern Fleet
D．get in touch after much effort with Russian government
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。从第一段后部分内容中可猜出是 the naval command与 submarine Kurst“失去联系”后，Northern Fleet Commander估计 submarine Kurst发生了事故，才派遣搜救船队。
Ⅱ.微写作
写作素材
1．我在英语学习中的主要问题如下。
2．记单词难，说英语时紧张。
3．希望你能给我一些记生词的建议。
4．在你的帮助下我的英语会取得很大的进步。
(素材来源于2024·四川·书面表达)
提示：尽量使用高级表达：as follows；it作形式宾语；状语从句的省略；do用于强调谓语；宾语从句等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
My main problems in my English study are as follows：I feel it difficult to learn words by heart and I often feel nervous when speaking English.I do hope you can give me some advice on how to memorize new words and I believe I can make much progress in English with your help.
1．attention n．注意力；照料 pay attention to注意 attract/draw one’s attention吸引某人注意 bring sth.to one’s attention某事引起某人注意
2．involve v．包含；需要；牵涉 involve doing...需要做…… get involved in与……有关 involve sb.in sth.鼓励某人参与……
3．care for喜欢；照顾 care about介意 with care小心地 take care of照顾
4．from all walks of life来自各行各业
5．It was not until October 25，when a team of Russian divers entered the submarine Kursk，some 350 feet below the surface，that truth became clear.
本句为强调句型，强调until引导的时间状语从句，连词when引导定语从句，修饰October_25。some意为“大约”。改为正常句子为：Truth_didn’t_become_clear_until_October_25,when_a_team_of_Russian_divers_entered_the_submarine_Kursk，some_350_feet_below_the_surface.
如何处理阅读理解中生词量比较多的文章？
1．巧妙绕开生词
也就是说，只要我们总体上把握了文章的意思，不必认识每一个单词也能理解整篇文章。(1)英语文章中不是所有的词的功能都是同等的，有些词担负着传达主要信息的功能，而有些词主要起语法作用或传达的信息和下文的其他信息没有联系。这类词有：表示人名、地名、机构名等的专有名词。遇到这些词，只要能辨认出它是专有名词，就能理解文章而不必知道它的意思。(2)不必认识每一个单词的另一原因是，它们的后面往往有一个同位语来解释意思，或者读者可根据上下文的其他信息来帮助判断。这类信息有：同位语、下定义、解释、举例、同义词、反义词、构词法以及标点符号(如破折号、冒号都表示解释和说明)等。
2．学会只猜测生词的大概意义，而不去追求其准确含义。
例如：The Asian gibbon，like other apes，is specially adapted for life in trees.只要猜出gibbon是ape的一种就行，不需知道其准确意思。再如本节中的B篇文章中生词量比较大，有些生词我们没必要知道其确切意义，只知其大概意义即可。
3．通过上下文猜测词义，可以利用某一生词前后出现的其他单词的意思或整个句子的意思来猜测生词，也可利用语法知识和标点符号来猜测，或者利用说明词义的定语从句或同位语从句来猜测。如B篇中On Saturday August 12,2000，during Northern Fleet training
exercises in the Barents Sea，the Russian nuclear submarine Kursk sank in about 100 meters of water with some 118 sailors aboard.通过资讯知识和上下文语境我们知道，本文描述的是2000年8月12日，俄罗斯的一艘潜水艇连同120余名官兵沉入Barents海100多米的水底的故事，所以我们可以大体上猜测一下submarine的意义。
