2024届高三英语一轮复习教案 Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions（新人教版）

　　Book 8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions

　　Ⅰ.联想记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇以及相关短语)

　　1．call up给……打电话→call_off 取消；挂断电话→call at登门拜访

　　2．now and then偶尔→from time to time偶尔；有时

　　3．set_about着手；开始→set_out to do/get down to (doing) sth.着手做某事

　　4．convenient adj.便利的；方便的→If it_is_convenient_for sb.如果方便……

　　5．associate vt.联想；联系→be associated_with把……和……联系起来

　　6．hang_on不挂断；稍等→hang up挂断

　　7．out of order发生故障→break_down/go wrong出故障

　　8．get_through设法联系上；(设法)做完；通过→go through经历；用光；花完

　　9．merciful adj.仁慈的→be at_the_mercy_of受……支配

　　10．seize vt.抓住→seize the chance抓住机会

　　11．jam n．堵塞→traffic_jam交通阻塞

　　Ⅱ.构词记忆(根据提示写出相应的词汇及其派生词)

　　1．distinguish vt. & vi.显示……的差别→distinguished adj.出色的

　　2．mercy n．仁慈→merciful adj.仁慈的→merciless adj.无情的

　　3．convenient adj.方便的→convenience n．方便

　　4．recognize vt.认出→recognition n．认出

　　5．innocent adj.清白的；无罪的→innocence n．清白

　　6．practice n．实践→practical adj.实践的；实用的

　　7．extend vi.延伸→extension n．扩大；延伸

　　8．competent adj.有能力的→competence n．能力

　　Ⅲ.语境填词(根据提示用适当的单词或短语填空)

　　1．I called_him_up(打电话给他) several times before I finally got_through(打通), but he said he would call_me_back(打回来) some time later and rang_off(挂断).

　　2．I couldn’t bear(忍受) his pretended innocent(无辜的) look. I dived_into(迅速把手伸入) his bag and took out the pen I lost.

　　3．When he wanted to set_out(动身), he found his car out_of_order(出故障) because of the freezing(寒冷的) weather.

　　4．If you want to find a stable(稳定的) position here, you should seize(抓住) every opportunity to get the recognition(认可) of the team.

　　5．Inventions of great significance are often associated(联系) with great persons, but actually, ordinary people also have a lot of practical(实用的) ideas to make our life easier.

　　Ⅳ.语境记忆(背诵语段，记忆单元词汇)

　　He called up the personnel for identification，but out of his expectation，he couldn’t get through to it.He rang back again，and at last he rang off.

　　Ⅴ.课文原句背诵

　　1．But once_picked_up,_they tried to bite me.

　　但是一旦我把它们拿起来，它们就试图咬我。

　　2．Nor_will you receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else’s.如果调查发现你的产品和别人的没什么区别你也得不到专利。

　　3．The criteria are so_strict_that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.

　　(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则它们很难被接受。

　　Ⅰ.单项填空

　　1．“It’s such a nice place.” Mother said as she sat at the table________for customers.

　　(2024·浙江，11)

　　A．to be reserved

　　B．having reserved

　　C．reserving

　　D．reserved

　　答案　D

　　解析　reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中作后置定语。

　　(考查单元语法)

　　2．Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional________.

　　(2011·江苏，27)

　　A．consequence

　　B．independence

　　C．competence

　　D．intelligence

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：教师必须不断更新知识来保持他们的专业能力。consequence后果，结果；independence独立；competence能力，技能；胜任；intelligence智力，智慧，才智。由句意可知选C项。

　　(教材原句：I have got experience in designing new projects and developed good professional competence in my subjects.)

　　3．Alexander tried to get his work________in the medical circles.(2010·辽宁，35)

　　A．to recognize

　　B．recognizing

　　C．recognize

　　D．recognized

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：亚历山大努力想让他的工作在医学领域得到认可。get/have sth.done为固定用法，意为“使某事被……”，sth.与done之间为被动关系。故选D。此处recognize意为“认可，赏识”。

　　(考查单元语法)

　　4．I haven’t seen Sara since she was a little girl，and she has changed beyond________.

　　(2010·安徽，25)

　　A．hearing

　　B．strength

　　C．recognition

　　D．measure

　　答案　C

　　解析　句意为：自从Sara长大后，我就一直没见过她，我简直认不出她来了。beyond recognition意思是“辨认不出来”。A、B、D三项不符合题意。

　　(教材原句：In a courtroom it is sometimes difficult to recognize who is innocent and who is guilty.)

　　5．Many buildings in the city need repairing，but the one________first is the library.

　　(2010·重庆，34)

　　A．repaired

　　B．being repaired

　　C．repairing

　　D．to be repaired

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：在这座城市里许多建筑需要整修，但是第一个要整修的是图书馆。repaired已经整修；being repaired正在整修；to be repaired将要整修。图书馆要整修但还没有整修，也不是正在整修，因此用to be repaired。

　　(考查单元语法)

　　Ⅱ.完形、阅读——英译汉

　　1．You may choose any theme you like. However, you should bear in mind an essential point. The topic you choose should not be too narrow.

　　(2024·江西·阅读表达)

　　你可以选择任何你喜欢的主题。然而，您应该牢记一个关键点：选择的题目不应过于狭窄。

　　2．China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution.

　　(2011·广东·阅读D)

　　比如，中国已经将其思想放在引领市场上，希望能在新的一轮全球能源革命中抓住机会。

　　3．In college, Spring Break(春假)is usually associated with the beach, parties and sleepless nights, bringing about relaxation, free time and friends.

　　(2011·天津·阅读表达)

　　在大学，春假通常与海滩，聚会和不眠之夜联系起来，让大家放松、自由并交朋友。

　　Ⅲ.书面表达——汉译英

　　1．然而，它们也造成了一些问题，如空气污染和交通堵塞。(jam)

　　(2011·江西·写作)

　　However, they have also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.

　　2．然而，当事情超出我的能力，我会向我的同学或老师寻求帮助。(competence)

　　(2011·安徽·书面表达)

　　However，when it is something beyond my competence，I turn to my classmates or teachers for help.

　　历年高考热点：competence，recognition，

　　bear，seize，associate，jam等的用法。

　　2024考点预测：distinguish，convenient，call up，

　　get through，hang on，now and then等的用法。

　　1

　　双语释义 v．区分；辨别；分清(recognize the difference between)；成为……的特征(be characteristic)；使有别于

　　学情诊断

　　(1)句型转换

　　①The boy could not distinguish cotton from wool.

　　→The boy could not distinguish between cotton and wool.

　　②She distinguished herself by her coolness and bravery.

　　→She was distinguished for her coolness and bravery.

　　(2)He is color-blind and can’t ________red from green.

　　A．distinguish

　　B．discover

　　C．forecast

　　D．recognize

　　答案　A

　　解析　句意为：他是个色盲，分不清红绿色。distinguish辨别，分清，符合句意。

　　discover发现；forecast预测；recognize认出。

　　归纳拓展

　　distinguish between...and...＝distinguish...from...

　　区分……与……；辨别……与……

　　distinguish oneself显扬自己；使自己扬名

　　distinguished adj.杰出的；著名的

　　be distinguished for因……而著称

　　be distinguished by以……为特征

　　be distinguished from不同于……

　　2

　　双语释义 adj.方便的；便利的；就近的(easy or quick to do or get to a place)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)用适当的介、副词填空

　　①I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience.

　　②Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow?

　　③Please send me an answer at your convenience.

　　(2)If it is quite________for you, we will call on our former English teacher next Sunday.

　　A．convenient

　　B．fair

　　C．easy

　　D．comfortable

　　答案　A

　　解析　考查形容词辨析。句意为：如果对你来说方便，我们将在下周日拜访我们以前的英语老师。根据下文的意思可知，此处应该是问“方便不方便”，所以用A项。be convenient for sb.对某人来说方便。

　　归纳拓展

　　convenience n.方便；便利；便利的事物?或设施?

　　sth.be convenient for sb./sth.对某人/物来说……是方便的

　　It is convenient ?for sb.? to do sth.?某人?方便做某事

　　for convenience 为了方便起见

　　at one’s convenience在某人方便时

　　for the convenience of sb.为了某人的方便

　　易错提示

　　convenient作表语时，不能用表示人的名词或代词作主语，多用于“It is convenient for sb.to do sth.”及“sth.be convenient for sb.”结构中。

　　3

　　双语释义 给……打电话(ring up)；征召入伍(draft)；使回忆起(recall)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)同义词语替换

　　I’ll call_the_manager_up tomorrow.ring_up_the_manager

　　(2)用适当的介、副词填空

　　①The smell of the sea called up memories of her childhood.

　　②The game was called off because of bad weather.

　　③Call out the numbers so that we can hear them at the back.

　　④Why don’t you call on my sister when you’re in Brighton?

　　⑤I’ll call for you at 8 o’clock and we’ll go there together.

　　⑥Cars with serious faults have been called in by the manufacturers.

　　归纳拓展

　　call off取消,call in召回；叫来；请来

　　call out大声说出；下令出动

　　call for去接某人；需要

　　call on拜访；要求；号召

　　4

　　双语释义 (设法)做完(manage to do or complete)；通过(be officially accepted)；接通电话(contact sb. by telephone)；度过(时间)；用完，耗尽(use up)；使某人理解(make sb. understand)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)写出下列句子中get through的汉语意思

　　①I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldn’t get through.接通电话

　　②We got through a fortune while we were in New York！花掉

　　③She got all her students through the exam.通过

　　(2)—Have you ________？

　　—No.I had the wrong number.

　　A．got in

　　B．got away

　　C．got off

　　D．got through

　　答案　D

　　解析　句意为：——你打通电话了？——没有，我拨错号码了。get through打通电话。

　　归纳拓展

　　get across被理解；使人了解

　　get down to开始认真注意?或对待某事??to为介词?

　　get over克服

　　get around/round到处走动；传播出去

　　5

　　双语释义 不挂断；稍等(hold on)；紧紧握住(hold tightly)；坚持，不放弃(continue doing，not give up)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)同义词语替换

　　①Hang_on—I’m not quite ready.Hold_on

　　②Can you hang_on？I’ll see if he’s here.hold_on

　　③Hang_on_to the rope and don’t let go.Hold_on_to

　　(2)用适当的介、副词填空

　　①There are always kids hanging about/around in the streets.

　　②I know you’re tired，but try to hang on a bit longer.

　　③Don’t hang back—go and introduce yourself.

　　④After I hung up I remembered what I’d wanted to say.

　　归纳拓展

　　hang about/around闲逛；闲荡

　　hang back/hold back畏缩；犹豫

　　hang on to sth./hold on to sth.抓紧某物；保留，不卖掉；不放弃

　　hang up/ring off挂断电话

　　6

　　双语释义 偶尔；有时(from time to time；occasionally)

　　学情诊断

　　(1)完成句子

　　①She likes to go to the cinema now_and_then.

　　她偶尔喜欢去看电影。

　　②From_now_on I’ll try to do better.

　　从现在起，我要尽量做得更好。

　　③In order to relax themselves，they go to the seaside from_time_to_time.

　　为了放松，他们不时到海边去。

　　(2)We call each other________，even if there is not much to say.

　　A．by and by

　　B．now and then

　　C．step by step

　　D．more or less

　　答案　B

　　归纳拓展

　　from time to time有时，不时

　　?every? now and again时而，有时

　　from now on从现在开始，今后

　　just now刚才

　　by now/until now/up to now截止到现在

　　1. Follow it up， explore all around it，and before you know it，you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.

　　跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。

　　学情诊断

　　(1)Make_another_effort，and you’ll succeed.