重庆市2024高考英语阅读理解一轮（精品）训练题（19）附答案

由雕龙文库 分享时间：2024-03-30 04:31:42 收藏本文

　　Traveling without a map in different countries, I find out about different “styles”(方式) of directions (方向)every time I ask “How can I get to the post office?”

　　Foreign tourists are often confused (迷惑的) in Japan because most streets there don’t have name signs; in Japan, people use landmarks(地标) in their directions instead of street names. For example, the Japanese will say to travelers, “Go straight down to the corner. Turn left at the big hotel and go past a fruit market. The post office is across from the bus stop.”

　　People in Los Angeles(洛杉矶), the US, have no idea of distance on the map: they measure (衡量)distance (距离)by time, not miles. “How far away is the post office?” you ask. “Oh,” they answer, “it’s about five minutes from here.” You don’t understand completely, “Yes, but how many miles away is it, please?” To this question you won’t get an answer, because most probably they don’t know it themselves.

　　People in Greece(希腊) sometimes do not even try to give directions because tourists seldom understand the Greek language. Instead, a Greek will often say, “Follow me.” Then he’ll lead you through the streets of the city to the post office.

　　Sometimes a person doesn’t know the answer to your question. What happens in the situation? A New Yorker might say, “Sorry, I have no idea.” But in Yucatan, Mexico, no one answers “I don’t know.” People there believe that “I don’t” is impolite. They usually give an answer, but often a wrong one. So a tourist can get lost very easily in Yucatan!

　　However, one thing will help you everywhere in the world. It’s body language.

　　66. Which one of the following is probably an example of Japanese directions?

　　A. “Go south two miles. Turn west and then go another mile.”

　　B. “Turn right at the hospital and go past a school. The library is right in front of you.”

　　C. “The post office is about five minutes from here.”

　　D. “The post office is at Street Kamira.”

　　67. People in Los Angeles don’t give directions in miles because ______.

　　A. they use landmarks in their directions instead of distance

　　B. they prefer to lead you the way

　　C. they often have no idea of distance measured by miles

　　D. they prefer to use body language

　　68. Greeks give directions by ______.

　　A. using street names

　　B. using landmarks

　　C. leading people the way

　　D. giving people a wrong direction

　　69. Where is Yucatan?

　　A. In the USA.

　　B. In Japan.

　　C. In Greece.

　　D. In Mexico.

　　70. Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A. People in Yucatan always give right directions.

　　B. There are different ways to give directions in different parts of the world.

　　C. People in some places give directions in miles, but people in other places give directions in time.

　　D. A person’s body language can help you understand directions.

　　***********************************************************结束

　　(2011·广东卷，D)

　　In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.

　　Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for lowcarbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade.

　　China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and highspeed trains.In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the globalmarkets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest.In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.

　　Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy.Besides, stronger arrangement of public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one.

　　The major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.

　　文章讲了在过去的十年中传统的商业模式严重地危害了地球的资源和人们的生存环境。面对严峻的形势，世人开始探索可持续发展的生产方式。并且特别强调了中国在探索可持续发展能源和生产方式方面做出的卓越努力。

　　11．The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that ________.

　　A. it makes the world warmer B. it consumes natural resources

　　C. it brings severe damage to forests D. it makes growth hard to continue

　　答案：B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)way.”可知在过去的几十年里森林在消失，地球变暖，自然资源变得短缺，难以继续发展。所以B项应该排除。

　　12．What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

　　A. China lacks wind and solar energy.

　　B. China is the leader of the lowcarbon market.C. Highspeed trains are a lowcarbon development.

　　D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.

　　答案：C。推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，中国政府在低碳生活方面作出的一些努力，如大力开发风能和太阳能等洁净能源、推行电动汽车、高速火车等。由此可推知，高速火车应属于低碳型的交通工具。

　　13．To full develop the lowcarbon markets, government can ________.

　　A. cut public expenses B. forbid carbon emission

　　C. develop public resources D. encourage energy conservation

　　答案：D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“First...Besides....Finally....”我们可知政府正在设立高的标准减少碳的排放，节约和再利用资源，进行能源保护。所以D项正确。

　　14．We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to________.

　　A. develop sustainable productsB. explore new natural resources

　　C. make full use of natural resources D. deal with the major challenge

　　答案：A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知利用有限的资源来满足日益增长的人口的需要并不是一件易事，但它为可持续性产业(的发展)提供丰富的新的机遇。所以A项正确。

　　15．What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A. To introduce a new business model.

　　B. To compare two business models.

　　C. To predict a change of the global market.

　　D. To advocate sustainable development.

　　答案：D。推理判断题。根据第一段的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed ，and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways.”和第二段的“Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries.”以及最后一段的“...it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知本文的目的是积极地倡导可持续性发展。所以D项正确。

　　(2011·江南十校二模，A)

　　Children today are crazy about roller skating，for it's easy and fun. After supper on week days，anytime on weekends and especially any day in school holidays，so many roller skaters flow into streets, squares，parks and playgrounds. What a beautiful sight!

　　But a long time ago, roller skating was a different story. Before 1750，the idea of skating didn't exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin，whose work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked playing the violin. Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.

　　One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball. Very pleased and a little excited, he accepted it. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think hard how to make a grand entrance at the party. A strange idea struck him one day—he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.

　　He tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Very proud of his invention, he couldn't wait for the special day to come，when he would arrive at the party on wheels while playing the violin.

　　On the night of the party Merlin did as he had planned, rolling into the room playing his violin. Quite astonished，all present cast their eyes over him. Then, unexpectedly, came one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlin's grand entrance for a long time!

　　本文讲述了轮式滑冰创始人怎样首次使他的这项发明面世的一件趣事。

　　1．Merlin was considered a dreamer because he ________.

　　A. always dreamed while sleeping

　　B. invented the roller skates

　　C. often gave others surprises

　　D. had very rich imagination

　　答案：D。事实细节题。由第2段倒数第2句“Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams.”可知答案。

　　2．Merlin roller skated into the room in order to ________.

　　A．arrive at the party on time B．impress the party guests

　　C．test his new roller skatesD．make the host satisfied

　　答案：B。事实细节题。由第3段倒数第1句“...he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.”可知答案。

　　3．The main point the writer tries to make in the last paragraph is ________.

　　A．the party guests laughed at MerlinB．the roller skates needed improving

　　C．Merlin succeeded beyond expectationD．Merlin got himself into great trouble

　　答案：C。推理判断题。在尾段中，作者既写到意料之中的事(Merlin穿着旱冰鞋参加聚会，引起满堂宾客的注意)又提到意料之外的事(他撞落墙上的大镜子……)，两件事的同时发生使得Merlin获得了意想不到的成功。

　　4．The text is mainly about ________.

　　A．an unusual partyB．the origin of roller skating

　　C．a funny musicianD．the great joy Merlin brought

　　答案：B。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍的是roller skating(轮式滑冰)的起源。故选B。(2011·江苏卷，D)

　　Shay and his father had walked past a park where some boys Shay knew were playing baseball. Shay asked, “Do you think they'll let me play？” Shay's father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a muchneeded sense of belonging and some confidence.

　　Shay's father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “We're losing by six runs(分)and the game is in the eighth inning (局)．I guess he can be on our team and we'll try to put him in to bat in the final inning.”

　　Shay struggled over to the team's bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in his heart. The boys saw the father's joy at his son being accepted.

　　In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shay's team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shay's team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat and give away their chance to win the game?

　　Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.

　　The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game.Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of

　　the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teammates. The audience and the players from both teams started screaming，“Shay, run to first！”Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wideeyed and shocked.

　　Everyone shouted, “Run to second！” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second.By the time Shay rounded towards second base, the smallest guy on their team，who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time，could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitcher's intentions and he too

　　intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman's head.

　　All were screaming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third.” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying，“Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game for his team.

　　That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world. Shay didn't make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!

　　这是一篇关于爱心的具有教育意义的故事。在父亲的鼓励和同伴们的帮助下，智力和身体都有缺陷的Shay参加了一场棒球比赛并成为了“英雄”。他们共同完成了一个爱的故事。

　　16．Not expecting much, Shay's father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father________.

　　A. noticed some of the boys on the field were hesitating

　　B. guessed his presence would affect the boy's decision

　　C. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well

　　D. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted

　　答案：D。细节理解题。由文章第一段信息“...it would give him a muchneeded sense of belonging and some confidence”．可知D项正确。

　　17．In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys________.

　　A. believed they were sure to win the game

　　B. would like to help Shay enjoy the game

　　C. found Shay was so eager to be a winner

　　D. felt forced to give Shay another chance