2024届高考英语一轮复习 语篇微写作强化系列Test28精选导学案 北师大版

　　2024届高考英语一轮复习 语篇微写作强化系列Test28精选导学案 北师大版

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　American society is not nap(午睡)-friendly.In fact，says David Dinges，a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine，“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.To quote a proverb：“Some sleep five hours，nature requires seven，laziness nine and wickedness eleven.”

　　Wrong.The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them.“We have to totally change our attitude toward napping，” says Dr.William Dement of Stanford University，the godfather of sleep research.

　　Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American_sleep_debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness：people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports，President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(瞌睡) every afternoon.

　　About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have “a mid afternoon quiet phase”，also called “a secondary sleep gate”．Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly，we were born to nap.

　　We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather，we “snack” on sleep，whenever，wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses，cars，planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries，offices and museums.

　　1．It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is________.

　　A．unreasonable

　　B．criminal

　　C．harmful

　　D．costly

　　答案　A

　　解析　“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”和“American society is not nap-friendly.”说明选A项。

　　2．The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans ________.

　　A．don’t like to take naps

　　B．are terribly worried about their national debt

　　C．sleep less than is good for them

　　D．have caused many industrial and traffic accidents

　　答案　C

　　解析　从第二段到最后一段都在论证午睡的重要性；第三段是其中一个例子。C项正确。

　　3．The purpose of this article is to ________.

　　A．warn us of the wickedness of napping

　　B．explain the danger of sleepiness

　　C．discuss the side effects of napping

　　D．convince the reader of the necessity of napping

　　答案　D

　　解析　最后一段第二句再一次告诉了读者，午睡是必要的。

　　4．The underlined phrase “American sleep debt” in Para.3 is the result of________.

　　A．the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep

　　B．the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration

　　C．the rapid development of American industry

　　D．the Americans’ worry about the danger of sleepiness

　　答案　A

　　解析　文章第一段就告诉我们美国人对nap不友好，对sleep也有不正确的看法。故选A项。

　　5．The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ________.

　　A．preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift

　　B．good practice to eat something light before we go to bed

　　C．essential to make up for cost sleep

　　D．natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it

　　答案　D

　　解析　参考第3题解析。

　　B

　　CLASSIFIED ADS

　　JOB WANTED

　　I’m Black，a 25 young man living in Shanghai and looking for a job in a variety of fields，web designer，teaching Spanish or English or working as a waiter or bar tender.I have a friendly personality and I’m hard-working.If you have any job that you think I could do，please do not hesitate about contacting me.Backerl896@126.com

　　JOB OFFERED

　　EL house is well-known English learning center for primary and high school students.We are looking for native English teacher who can teach the following subject (s) to our students who are planning to study abroad.The incumbent_should fulfill the following requirements：

　　—Experienced in exam preparations (TOEFL，IELTS，SAT)—Degree holder

　　—Experienced in teaching either mathematics，physics or business

　　—Excellent command of English in both oral and written

　　—Experienced in teaching higher academic level English

　　—Native English teachers or Bilingual teachers with native command of English

　　JGHTR@gmail.com

　　SHARE

　　I’m Margaret，looking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom in a wonderfully-located luxury apartment.That’s near everything and has everything：hard-wood floors，international TV，washer/dryer.Other two rooms already occupied by a French and a Kiwi women，both professional.

　　Please contact me.MLCT@sina.com

　　FOR RENT

　　CNY 12,000/lovely apartment near West Nanjing Road Layout：3 bedrooms,2 bathrooms Size：120sqm

　　Monthly rental：RMB 12,000

　　Compound：First Block

　　Facilities: gym，tennis court，indoor swimming pool，children’s playground

　　LYG2560@sohu.com

　　6．Margaret is now looking for________.

　　A．her lost cat

　　B．an apartment

　　C．a job

　　D．a roommate

　　答案　D

　　解析　有关Margaret的信息出现在SHARE部分，文中出现了“looking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom”，故选D项。

　　7．Which of the following is NOT the requirement of EL house?

　　A．Experienced in exam preparations.

　　B．Experienced in teaching Chinese.

　　C．Excellent command of English.

　　D．Degree holder.

　　答案　B

　　解析　题干中的EL house出现在JOB OFFERED部分，B项错在Chinese，要求的是English。

　　8．To look for a person to work in your restaurant，you can contact________.

　　A．LYG2560@sohu.com

　　B．MLCT@sina.com

　　C．Backerl896@126.com

　　D．JGHTR@gmail.com

　　答案　C

　　解析　题干意思是招一个人来餐馆工作，JOB WANTED中的Backer正在求职，故选C。

　　9．If you rent the apartment near West Nanjing Road，________.

　　A．you should pay RMB 13,000 each month

　　B．you can work out in the gym

　　C．you can go shopping in the neighborhood

　　D．you can swim in an outdoor swimming pool

　　答案　B

　　解析　题干中的West Nanjing Road出现在FOR RENT部分，选B项；A项错在是12,000而不是13,000，C项错在文中没有提到和shopping有关的词语，D项错在是indoor而不是outdoor。

　　10．What does the underlined word “incumbent” mean?

　　A．Businessman.

　　B．Student.

　　C．Employee.

　　D．Employer.

　　答案　C

　　解析　前文中有“We are looking for native English teacher”，故A、B、D项显然不符合。

　　Ⅱ.微写作

　　写作素材

　　1．我是班上前五名的优秀学生，擅长英语，尤其是口语。

　　2．我很容易相处，喜欢交友。

　　(素材来源于2011·辽宁·书面表达)

　　提示：尽量使用高级表达：连接词especially；besides以及be easy＋不定式结构的用法。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　I’m an excellent student among the top 5 in my class.I’m good at English，especially spoken English.Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.

　　1．admit v．承认　admission n．入学许可；入场费　admit doing...承认做……　gain admission获得许可

　　2．concern v．& n．担忧；挂念　concerning prep.关于　be concerned about对……担心　be concerned with和……有关　as far as...be concerned就……而言

　　3．hesitate v．犹豫；踌躇　hesitation n．犹豫　hesitate to do...不愿做……　have no hesitation

　　in doing...很乐意做……

　　4．fall asleep入睡　fall ill病了　fall behind落后　fall through失败　fall apart破碎

　　5．Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.

　　句中led by Dement为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰commission，which引导定语从句，修饰American_sleep_debt，其中one member said可看作是插入语。

　　如何推测作者的写作意图？

　　推测写作意图和了解文章大意有所不同，后者要知道文章的中心思想是什么；而前者是要知道作者为什么要写这篇文章。例如，一篇报道有关美国离婚内容的文章，其中心思想可能是高离婚率对美国社会、家庭、当事者以及他们子女的影响，而作者写这篇文章的目的却是引起社会的关注，或要人们对离婚持谨慎的态度。

　　作者通常采用的论述方法有：

　　1．摆事实，讲道理，论证自己的观点。

　　2．只介绍和传递信息，并不发表自己的看法。

　　3．从多方面阐述意义或重要性。

　　4．分析某事物的危险性，并提出警告。

　　5．从多方面或多角度分析原因或因素。

　　6．用事实或数据进行生动形象的描写。

　　7．告知方法或做法等，且祈使句使用频率比较高。

　　8．阐明某项建议或解决方法的可行性等。

　　9．作者对某一事物的看法，要么支持要么反对，带有中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。

　　10．漠不关心的词语一定不对，既然写文章就不会不关心。

　　11．不要把读者自己的态度揉入其中，也要区分开作者的和文章中人物的态度。

　　12．当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。

　　13．作者的观点一般与文章主旨相关联。

　　本节A篇第3题就属于推测作者写作意图的题目，常见的题目类型是The purpose of the text is ________.A、B、C三项都与文章的主题相违背，只有D项符合。

　　2024届高考英语一轮复习 语篇微写作强化系列Test28精选导学案 北师大版

　　Ⅰ.阅读理解

　　A

　　American society is not nap(午睡)-friendly.In fact，says David Dinges，a sleep specialist at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine，“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”Nobody wants to be caught napping or found asleep at work.To quote a proverb：“Some sleep five hours，nature requires seven，laziness nine and wickedness eleven.”

　　Wrong.The way not to fall asleep at work is to take naps when you need them.“We have to totally change our attitude toward napping，” says Dr.William Dement of Stanford University，the godfather of sleep research.

　　Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American_sleep_debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.The commission was concerned about the dangers of sleepiness：people causing industrial accidents or falling asleep while driving.This may be why we have a new sleep policy in the White House.According to recent reports，President Clinton is trying to take a half-hour snooze(瞌睡) every afternoon.

　　About 60 percent of American adults nap when given the opportunity.We seem to have “a mid afternoon quiet phase”，also called “a secondary sleep gate”．Sleeping 15 minutes to two hours in the early afternoon can reduce stress and make us refreshed.Clearly，we were born to nap.

　　We Superstars of Snooze don’t nap to replace lost shut-eye or to prepare for a night shift.Rather，we “snack” on sleep，whenever，wherever and at whatever time we feel like it.I myself have napped in buses，cars，planes and on boats; on floors and beds; and in libraries，offices and museums.

　　1．It is commonly accepted in American society that too much sleep is________.

　　A．unreasonable

　　B．criminal

　　C．harmful

　　D．costly

　　答案　A

　　解析　“There’s even a prohibition against admitting we need sleep.”和“American society is not nap-friendly.”说明选A项。

　　2．The research done by the Dement Commission shows that Americans ________.

　　A．don’t like to take naps

　　B．are terribly worried about their national debt

　　C．sleep less than is good for them

　　D．have caused many industrial and traffic accidents

　　答案　C

　　解析　从第二段到最后一段都在论证午睡的重要性；第三段是其中一个例子。C项正确。

　　3．The purpose of this article is to ________.

　　A．warn us of the wickedness of napping

　　B．explain the danger of sleepiness

　　C．discuss the side effects of napping

　　D．convince the reader of the necessity of napping

　　答案　D

　　解析　最后一段第二句再一次告诉了读者，午睡是必要的。

　　4．The underlined phrase “American sleep debt” in Para.3 is the result of________.

　　A．the traditional misconception the Americans have about sleep

　　B．the new sleep policy of the Clinton Administration

　　C．the rapid development of American industry

　　D．the Americans’ worry about the danger of sleepiness

　　答案　A

　　解析　文章第一段就告诉我们美国人对nap不友好，对sleep也有不正确的看法。故选A项。

　　5．The second sentence of the last paragraph tells us that it is ________.

　　A．preferable to have a sound sleep before a night shift

　　B．good practice to eat something light before we go to bed

　　C．essential to make up for cost sleep

　　D．natural to take a nap whenever we feel the need for it

　　答案　D

　　解析　参考第3题解析。

　　B

　　CLASSIFIED ADS

　　JOB WANTED

　　I’m Black，a 25 young man living in Shanghai and looking for a job in a variety of fields，web designer，teaching Spanish or English or working as a waiter or bar tender.I have a friendly personality and I’m hard-working.If you have any job that you think I could do，please do not hesitate about contacting me.Backerl896@126.com

　　JOB OFFERED

　　EL house is well-known English learning center for primary and high school students.We are looking for native English teacher who can teach the following subject (s) to our students who are planning to study abroad.The incumbent_should fulfill the following requirements：

　　—Experienced in exam preparations (TOEFL，IELTS，SAT)—Degree holder

　　—Experienced in teaching either mathematics，physics or business

　　—Excellent command of English in both oral and written

　　—Experienced in teaching higher academic level English

　　—Native English teachers or Bilingual teachers with native command of English

　　JGHTR@gmail.com

　　SHARE

　　I’m Margaret，looking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom in a wonderfully-located luxury apartment.That’s near everything and has everything：hard-wood floors，international TV，washer/dryer.Other two rooms already occupied by a French and a Kiwi women，both professional.

　　Please contact me.MLCT@sina.com

　　FOR RENT

　　CNY 12,000/lovely apartment near West Nanjing Road Layout：3 bedrooms,2 bathrooms Size：120sqm

　　Monthly rental：RMB 12,000

　　Compound：First Block

　　Facilities: gym，tennis court，indoor swimming pool，children’s playground

　　LYG2560@sohu.com

　　6．Margaret is now looking for________.

　　A．her lost cat

　　B．an apartment

　　C．a job

　　D．a roommate

　　答案　D

　　解析　有关Margaret的信息出现在SHARE部分，文中出现了“looking for a person with a positive outlook on life to share the bedroom”，故选D项。

　　7．Which of the following is NOT the requirement of EL house?

　　A．Experienced in exam preparations.

　　B．Experienced in teaching Chinese.

　　C．Excellent command of English.

　　D．Degree holder.

　　答案　B

　　解析　题干中的EL house出现在JOB OFFERED部分，B项错在Chinese，要求的是English。

　　8．To look for a person to work in your restaurant，you can contact________.

　　A．LYG2560@sohu.com

　　B．MLCT@sina.com

　　C．Backerl896@126.com

　　D．JGHTR@gmail.com

　　答案　C

　　解析　题干意思是招一个人来餐馆工作，JOB WANTED中的Backer正在求职，故选C。

　　9．If you rent the apartment near West Nanjing Road，________.

　　A．you should pay RMB 13,000 each month

　　B．you can work out in the gym

　　C．you can go shopping in the neighborhood

　　D．you can swim in an outdoor swimming pool

　　答案　B

　　解析　题干中的West Nanjing Road出现在FOR RENT部分，选B项；A项错在是12,000而不是13,000，C项错在文中没有提到和shopping有关的词语，D项错在是indoor而不是outdoor。

　　10．What does the underlined word “incumbent” mean?

　　A．Businessman.

　　B．Student.

　　C．Employee.

　　D．Employer.

　　答案　C

　　解析　前文中有“We are looking for native English teacher”，故A、B、D项显然不符合。

　　Ⅱ.微写作

　　写作素材

　　1．我是班上前五名的优秀学生，擅长英语，尤其是口语。

　　2．我很容易相处，喜欢交友。

　　(素材来源于2011·辽宁·书面表达)

　　提示：尽量使用高级表达：连接词especially；besides以及be easy＋不定式结构的用法。

　　连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)

　　I’m an excellent student among the top 5 in my class.I’m good at English，especially spoken English.Besides，I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.

　　1．admit v．承认　admission n．入学许可；入场费　admit doing...承认做……　gain admission获得许可

　　2．concern v．& n．担忧；挂念　concerning prep.关于　be concerned about对……担心　be concerned with和……有关　as far as...be concerned就……而言

　　3．hesitate v．犹豫；踌躇　hesitation n．犹豫　hesitate to do...不愿做……　have no hesitation

　　in doing...很乐意做……

　　4．fall asleep入睡　fall ill病了　fall behind落后　fall through失败　fall apart破碎

　　5．Last year a national commission led by Dement identified an “American sleep debt” which one member said was as important as the national debt.

　　句中led by Dement为过去分词短语作后置定语修饰commission，which引导定语从句，修饰American_sleep_debt，其中one member said可看作是插入语。

　　如何推测作者的写作意图？

　　推测写作意图和了解文章大意有所不同，后者要知道文章的中心思想是什么；而前者是要知道作者为什么要写这篇文章。例如，一篇报道有关美国离婚内容的文章，其中心思想可能是高离婚率对美国社会、家庭、当事者以及他们子女的影响，而作者写这篇文章的目的却是引起社会的关注，或要人们对离婚持谨慎的态度。

　　作者通常采用的论述方法有：

　　1．摆事实，讲道理，论证自己的观点。

　　2．只介绍和传递信息，并不发表自己的看法。

　　3．从多方面阐述意义或重要性。

　　4．分析某事物的危险性，并提出警告。

　　5．从多方面或多角度分析原因或因素。

　　6．用事实或数据进行生动形象的描写。

　　7．告知方法或做法等，且祈使句使用频率比较高。

　　8．阐明某项建议或解决方法的可行性等。

　　9．作者对某一事物的看法，要么支持要么反对，带有中立色彩的词最不可能是正确答案。

　　10．漠不关心的词语一定不对，既然写文章就不会不关心。

　　11．不要把读者自己的态度揉入其中，也要区分开作者的和文章中人物的态度。

　　12．当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者使用词语的褒贬性去判断作者的态度。

　　13．作者的观点一般与文章主旨相关联。

　　本节A篇第3题就属于推测作者写作意图的题目，常见的题目类型是The purpose of the text is ________.A、B、C三项都与文章的主题相违背，只有D项符合。