【北京专用】2024届高考英语一轮复习方案课时作业：选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
课时作业(三十八) [选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions] (限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空，．He couldn't bear________like that before the whole class.
A．making fun of
B．being made fun of
C．to be laughed
D．being made fun
3．Turn on the TV or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy，balanced families.________ himself.
A. expose
B. admire
C. distinguish
D. hide
5．Good health________regular exercise and a good habit of living.
A．calls on
B．calls for
C．calls up
D．calls off
6．A________ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of China.
A．valid
B．perfect
C．beneficial
D．flexible
7．The bus stop at my block corner is very________，where I take a ride easily to school every morning.uite often, do you?
—No, I only go there ________ because it's too far away from my house.
A. eventually
B. constantly
C. occasionally
D. frequently
9．It is clear that in modern society high ________ and demands are placed on students.
A. motivations
B. expectations
C. standards
D. opportunities
10．Every________，John would remember the strange dream he had had years before, but not quite often.，it won't be long ________since
B．when
________ to work as soon as they arrived at the spot of the accident.
A．set out
B．set off
C．set up
D．set in
13．—I'm sorry. I did not catch you.
—________ repeat the sentence?
A. Would you like to
B. Shall I
C. Will I
D. Do you want that I
14．—Excuse me，may I use your phone to send a message? Mine is________，of course.Here you are.who comes from ________ European country, has formed ________ habit of attending ________________ church on Sundays.
A. an; /; the
B. a; the; /
C. an; the; /
D. a; a; a
Ⅱ.完形填空both seriously ill, lived in the same room at Marie Hospital. John lived next to the only window of the room and was allowed to __16__ in his bed and watch for an hour every day. But Bill had to spend all his time __17__ on his back.
They became friends soon and talked for hours every day. They spoke of their families, their children, their hobbies, and their __18__ in the American army. Each day John would sit up and __19__ to his roommate Bill what he could see outside the window.
Through John's description, Bill's world was __20__ and brightened by all the activities and colors of the outside world. The window overlooked a beautiful park with a lovely __21__， John told Bill. Ducks played on the water __22____23__， Bill would close his eyes and __24__ the picturesque (生动的)scene. Bill was recovering __25__John became weak day by day.
Late one night, Bill was lying in bed __26__ the ceiling when John began to cough seriously. Then doctors and nurses rushed to the room. Thirty minutes later, John __27__ coughing. Now, there was only silence—__28__ silence.
The following morning, Bill was moved to the bed next to the window at his request. Slowly and __29__， he supported himself up on one elbow to take the first look. But to his __30__， he could see nothing but a __31__Only at that moment did he begin to realize that the pursuit of happiness was a matter of __32__. It was a positive attitude we chose to express. It was not a gift that got __33__ to our doorstep each morning, nor did it come through the window. It was an inward journey. Whether a man is happy or not depends on his own thoughts __34__ anything outward.
So Bill began to describe the __35__ world to his new roommate that he saw through the only window of the room.
16．A.stand up
B．sit up
C．set up
D．stay up
17．A.lying
B．dependingain
C．describe
D．introduce
20．A.affected
B．broadened
C．damaged
D．expanded
21．A.tower
B．lake
C．statue
D．hill
22．A.while
B．though
C．unless
D．until
23．A.in addition
B．in general
C．in brief
D．in detail
24．A.see
B．rememberstaring at
C．holding up
D．fixing on
27．A.stopped
B．continued
C．avoided
D．survived
28．A.deadly
B．dead
C．breathless
D．aimlessA.simple
B．blankB．decorated
C．devoted
D．determined
34．A.more than
B．better than
C．other than
D．rather than
35．A.friendly
B．yearly
C．lively
D．likely阅读填空根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。stroke and diabetes. It is also known to increase the release of endorphins(安多芬)which reduce feelings of pain and help people feel more happy and peaceful.__36__ Some experts believe it is the act of exercising itself. Others say it is the feeling one gets from having met an exercise goal. Either way, the two things work together when it comes to improving one's emotional health.
__37__ Aerobic exercise gets out heart rate going faster and increases our breathing. Activities like walking at an increased speed, dancing, swimming or riding a bicycle are good examples. Musclestrengthening activities help build and strengthen muscle groups in the body. __38__
Experts say adults should get at least two and a half hours of aerobic exercise each week. More intense activities reduce the suggested amount of time to one hour and fifteen minutes. __39__
Earlier advice from the Centers for Disease Control said people need to exercise thirty minutes each day for at least five days to get the health benefits of exercise. More recent research suggested that those gains are the same whether you exercise for short periods over five days or longer sessions over two or three days. __40__ They help people guarantee that they stay with the program.
A．There are two separate, but equally important kinds of physical activity.
B．This kind of exercise includes lifting weights, or doing situps and pushups.
C．Health experts have long noted the importance of physical activity.
D．There is some debate about exactly what causes the brain to release endorphins.
E．Experts say people should choose physical activities that they find fun.
F．Some examples are playing basketball, swimming and distance running.
G．Physical activity can help people reduce the risk of getting diabetes.
课时作业(三十八) 考查非谓语动词。过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语保持一致，此处moved的逻辑主语应为the audience, 故选B项。 考查动词用法。bear后跟形式或动词不定式作宾语，且此处应该使用被动形式。若选C，应改为：to be laughed at。 句意：打开电视或者翻开杂志，你经常会看到表现幸福、和谐家庭的广告宣传。此处考查“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型，其中陈述句多用一般将来时。C 考查动词辨析。此处expose 意为“揭露，揭发；使曝光；显示”；admire意为“钦佩；赞美”；distinguish 意为“区分；辨别；使杰出，使表现突出”；hide 意为“隐藏；隐瞒”。句意：他有一些区别于常人的能力。 考查动词短语辨析。call for 需要。句意：良好的健康需要有规律的锻炼和好的生活习惯。 call on 号召； call up 使想起，打电话； call off 取消。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你从中国银行购买外汇时，需要有效身份证件。perfect “完美的”；beneficial“有益的”；flexible“灵活的”，均不符合句意。valid “有效的”符合句意。 考查形容词辨析。从下文“我在那儿可以很容易坐上车去上学C项最符合题意。 考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你不常去那家超市，对吗？——对。我只是偶尔到那里，因为它离我家太远。故选C。 考查名词辨析。high expectations 意为“很高的期望”。 考查短语辨析。every now and then时而，有时。more or less 或多或少；step by step 逐步；by and by 逐渐。根据句意可知D项正确。 考查固定句型。It won't be long before…意为“不久就……”。A 考查词组辨析。set out to do sth开始做某事； set off出发，动身； set up建立，设立； set in以……为背景。句意：救援人员一到事故现场就开始工作起来。 考查交际英语。shall是情态B。 考查短语辨析。由语境可知，“我”的手机已经坏了，所以要用out of order，意为“出故障，有毛病”。 考查冠词的用法。第一空表示来自一个欧洲国家；第二空特指去教堂做礼拜的习惯；第三空考查短语attend church(去教堂做礼拜)。窗口可以让我们看到外面的世界。我们的心灵之窗打16．B 考查逻辑与动词短语辨析。病人可以“坐起来”看窗外，另外第二段最后一句话也有提示。sit up意为“坐直，坐起来”； stand up意为“站起来”； set up意为“建立”； stay up意为“熬夜，不睡觉”。 考查上下文逻辑关系理解。从后文on his back看出比尔每天只能“躺着”。 考查词语搭配。service in the army意为“在部队服役”。说明两人聊起了在部队当兵的共同经历。 考查上下文关系理解。约翰向病友比尔“描述”窗外的景象。下一段有description提示。explain意为“解释”； complain意为“抱怨”； introduce意为“介绍”。 考查词语搭配。broadened 和 brightened相配，通过约翰的描述，比尔的世界“更开阔了”。expand指的是“发展，壮大”； affect意为“受到 damage意为“毁掉”，均不合题意。 考查上下文理解。从后文中Ducks played on the water可知应当是描写公园里有一个湖。A 考查while引导的句式。while作连词表示前者和后者相对应。湖面上鸭子在游玩，而孩子们在开模型船。 考查上下文关系理解。in addition意为“另外”； in general意为“一般地，概括地”； in brief意为“简言之”； in detail意为“详细地”。 考查动词的运用。比尔看不见窗外的景色，只能根据约翰的描述来想象，因此，应当用imagine一词。而不是“看见”、“记得”、“认出”。 考查搭配。little by little意为“一点一点地”，修饰was recovering。 sooner or later意为“迟早”； up to now意为“直到现在”； one by one则是“ 考查语境中的逻辑理解。ceiling是“天花板”的意思，句意为“比尔躺在床上盯着天花板。”think about意为“考虑”； stare at意为“盯着”；
hold up意为“举起”； fix on意为“选定，确定，集中”。 考查上下文逻辑关系理解。后句表明约翰死了。所以应该选择“停止咳嗽”。 考查形容词辨析。deadly意为“致命的，破坏性
dead意为“死的”； breathless意为“气喘吁吁的，喘不上气来”； aimless意为“漫无目的的”。句中修饰silence，应当用deadly，意为“非常肃静”。D 考查对主旨的理解。比尔一直渴望看到窗外的风景，因此要求转到约翰的床上去，所以他“充满希望地”支起胳膊看窗外。regretfully意为“后悔地，遗憾地”； fortunately意为“幸运地”； particularly意为“特别地”；
hopefully意为“充满 考查上下文逻辑关系理解和名词辨析。比尔满心期待，却没有看到约翰所描述的景象，应当是感到吃惊。to one's surprise意为“令人吃惊的是”； to one's delight意为“令人高兴的是”； to one's relief意为“令人释然的是”； to one's anger意为“令人愤怒的是”。 考查上下文关系理解。a blank wall意为“一面空白的墙”，与前面约翰的描述反差很大simple意为“简单的”； colored意为“有颜色的”； painted意为“油漆的”。 考查上下文关系和主旨的理解。从后文中we chose to express可以看出是“一种态度的选择”，应当用choice。consideration意为“考虑”；
expression意为“表达，表情”； practice意为“练习，实践”。 考查上下文关系理解和词语搭配。此句意为“对幸福的选择不像每deliver意为“投递，送交”。 考查短语辨析和语境中的逻辑理解。rather than连接两个部分，肯定前者，否定后者。句意为“是否幸福取决于一个人的态度而不是外界的因素”。better than意为“胜过，好于”； more than意为“超过”； other than意为“除了”。 考查形容词辨析和主旨理解。只要我们选择希望，生活应该是“充满生机和活力的”。 friendlyyearly，likely均为形容词，词意分别为“友好的”、“年度的”、“可能的”，词义均不恰当。～40 DABFE
课时作业(三十八) [选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions] (限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空，．He couldn't bear________like that before the whole class.
A．making fun of
B．being made fun of
C．to be laughed
D．being made fun
3．Turn on the TV or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy，balanced families.________ himself.
A. expose
B. admire
C. distinguish
D. hide
5．Good health________regular exercise and a good habit of living.
A．calls on
B．calls for
C．calls up
D．calls off
6．A________ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of China.
A．valid
B．perfect
C．beneficial
D．flexible
7．The bus stop at my block corner is very________，where I take a ride easily to school every morning.uite often, do you?
—No, I only go there ________ because it's too far away from my house.
A. eventually
B. constantly
C. occasionally
D. frequently
9．It is clear that in modern society high ________ and demands are placed on students.
A. motivations
B. expectations
C. standards
D. opportunities
10．Every________，John would remember the strange dream he had had years before, but not quite often.，it won't be long ________since
B．when
________ to work as soon as they arrived at the spot of the accident.
A．set out
B．set off
C．set up
D．set in
13．—I'm sorry. I did not catch you.
—________ repeat the sentence?
A. Would you like to
B. Shall I
C. Will I
D. Do you want that I
14．—Excuse me，may I use your phone to send a message? Mine is________，of course.Here you are.who comes from ________ European country, has formed ________ habit of attending ________________ church on Sundays.
A. an; /; the
B. a; the; /
C. an; the; /
D. a; a; a
Ⅱ.完形填空both seriously ill, lived in the same room at Marie Hospital. John lived next to the only window of the room and was allowed to __16__ in his bed and watch for an hour every day. But Bill had to spend all his time __17__ on his back.
They became friends soon and talked for hours every day. They spoke of their families, their children, their hobbies, and their __18__ in the American army. Each day John would sit up and __19__ to his roommate Bill what he could see outside the window.
Through John's description, Bill's world was __20__ and brightened by all the activities and colors of the outside world. The window overlooked a beautiful park with a lovely __21__， John told Bill. Ducks played on the water __22____23__， Bill would close his eyes and __24__ the picturesque (生动的)scene. Bill was recovering __25__John became weak day by day.
Late one night, Bill was lying in bed __26__ the ceiling when John began to cough seriously. Then doctors and nurses rushed to the room. Thirty minutes later, John __27__ coughing. Now, there was only silence—__28__ silence.
The following morning, Bill was moved to the bed next to the window at his request. Slowly and __29__， he supported himself up on one elbow to take the first look. But to his __30__， he could see nothing but a __31__Only at that moment did he begin to realize that the pursuit of happiness was a matter of __32__. It was a positive attitude we chose to express. It was not a gift that got __33__ to our doorstep each morning, nor did it come through the window. It was an inward journey. Whether a man is happy or not depends on his own thoughts __34__ anything outward.
So Bill began to describe the __35__ world to his new roommate that he saw through the only window of the room.
16．A.stand up
B．sit up
C．set up
D．stay up
17．A.lying
B．dependingain
C．describe
D．introduce
20．A.affected
B．broadened
C．damaged
D．expanded
21．A.tower
B．lake
C．statue
D．hill
22．A.while
B．though
C．unless
D．until
23．A.in addition
B．in general
C．in brief
D．in detail
24．A.see
B．rememberstaring at
C．holding up
D．fixing on
27．A.stopped
B．continued
C．avoided
D．survived
28．A.deadly
B．dead
C．breathless
D．aimlessA.simple
B．blankB．decorated
C．devoted
D．determined
34．A.more than
B．better than
C．other than
D．rather than
35．A.friendly
B．yearly
C．lively
D．likely阅读填空根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。stroke and diabetes. It is also known to increase the release of endorphins(安多芬)which reduce feelings of pain and help people feel more happy and peaceful.__36__ Some experts believe it is the act of exercising itself. Others say it is the feeling one gets from having met an exercise goal. Either way, the two things work together when it comes to improving one's emotional health.
__37__ Aerobic exercise gets out heart rate going faster and increases our breathing. Activities like walking at an increased speed, dancing, swimming or riding a bicycle are good examples. Musclestrengthening activities help build and strengthen muscle groups in the body. __38__
Experts say adults should get at least two and a half hours of aerobic exercise each week. More intense activities reduce the suggested amount of time to one hour and fifteen minutes. __39__
Earlier advice from the Centers for Disease Control said people need to exercise thirty minutes each day for at least five days to get the health benefits of exercise. More recent research suggested that those gains are the same whether you exercise for short periods over five days or longer sessions over two or three days. __40__ They help people guarantee that they stay with the program.
A．There are two separate, but equally important kinds of physical activity.
B．This kind of exercise includes lifting weights, or doing situps and pushups.
C．Health experts have long noted the importance of physical activity.
D．There is some debate about exactly what causes the brain to release endorphins.
E．Experts say people should choose physical activities that they find fun.
F．Some examples are playing basketball, swimming and distance running.
G．Physical activity can help people reduce the risk of getting diabetes.
课时作业(三十八) 考查非谓语动词。过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语要和句子的主语保持一致，此处moved的逻辑主语应为the audience, 故选B项。 考查动词用法。bear后跟形式或动词不定式作宾语，且此处应该使用被动形式。若选C，应改为：to be laughed at。 句意：打开电视或者翻开杂志，你经常会看到表现幸福、和谐家庭的广告宣传。此处考查“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”句型，其中陈述句多用一般将来时。C 考查动词辨析。此处expose 意为“揭露，揭发；使曝光；显示”；admire意为“钦佩；赞美”；distinguish 意为“区分；辨别；使杰出，使表现突出”；hide 意为“隐藏；隐瞒”。句意：他有一些区别于常人的能力。 考查动词短语辨析。call for 需要。句意：良好的健康需要有规律的锻炼和好的生活习惯。 call on 号召； call up 使想起，打电话； call off 取消。 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当你从中国银行购买外汇时，需要有效身份证件。perfect “完美的”；beneficial“有益的”；flexible“灵活的”，均不符合句意。valid “有效的”符合句意。 考查形容词辨析。从下文“我在那儿可以很容易坐上车去上学C项最符合题意。 考查副词词义辨析。句意：——你不常去那家超市，对吗？——对。我只是偶尔到那里，因为它离我家太远。故选C。 考查名词辨析。high expectations 意为“很高的期望”。 考查短语辨析。every now and then时而，有时。more or less 或多或少；step by step 逐步；by and by 逐渐。根据句意可知D项正确。 考查固定句型。It won't be long before…意为“不久就……”。A 考查词组辨析。set out to do sth开始做某事； set off出发，动身； set up建立，设立； set in以……为背景。句意：救援人员一到事故现场就开始工作起来。 考查交际英语。shall是情态B。 考查短语辨析。由语境可知，“我”的手机已经坏了，所以要用out of order，意为“出故障，有毛病”。 考查冠词的用法。第一空表示来自一个欧洲国家；第二空特指去教堂做礼拜的习惯；第三空考查短语attend church(去教堂做礼拜)。窗口可以让我们看到外面的世界。我们的心灵之窗打16．B 考查逻辑与动词短语辨析。病人可以“坐起来”看窗外，另外第二段最后一句话也有提示。sit up意为“坐直，坐起来”； stand up意为“站起来”； set up意为“建立”； stay up意为“熬夜，不睡觉”。 考查上下文逻辑关系理解。从后文on his back看出比尔每天只能“躺着”。 考查词语搭配。service in the army意为“在部队服役”。说明两人聊起了在部队当兵的共同经历。 考查上下文关系理解。约翰向病友比尔“描述”窗外的景象。下一段有description提示。explain意为“解释”； complain意为“抱怨”； introduce意为“介绍”。 考查词语搭配。broadened 和 brightened相配，通过约翰的描述，比尔的世界“更开阔了”。expand指的是“发展，壮大”； affect意为“受到 damage意为“毁掉”，均不合题意。 考查上下文理解。从后文中Ducks played on the water可知应当是描写公园里有一个湖。A 考查while引导的句式。while作连词表示前者和后者相对应。湖面上鸭子在游玩，而孩子们在开模型船。 考查上下文关系理解。in addition意为“另外”； in general意为“一般地，概括地”； in brief意为“简言之”； in detail意为“详细地”。 考查动词的运用。比尔看不见窗外的景色，只能根据约翰的描述来想象，因此，应当用imagine一词。而不是“看见”、“记得”、“认出”。 考查搭配。little by little意为“一点一点地”，修饰was recovering。 sooner or later意为“迟早”； up to now意为“直到现在”； one by one则是“ 考查语境中的逻辑理解。ceiling是“天花板”的意思，句意为“比尔躺在床上盯着天花板。”think about意为“考虑”； stare at意为“盯着”；
hold up意为“举起”； fix on意为“选定，确定，集中”。 考查上下文逻辑关系理解。后句表明约翰死了。所以应该选择“停止咳嗽”。 考查形容词辨析。deadly意为“致命的，破坏性
dead意为“死的”； breathless意为“气喘吁吁的，喘不上气来”； aimless意为“漫无目的的”。句中修饰silence，应当用deadly，意为“非常肃静”。D 考查对主旨的理解。比尔一直渴望看到窗外的风景，因此要求转到约翰的床上去，所以他“充满希望地”支起胳膊看窗外。regretfully意为“后悔地，遗憾地”； fortunately意为“幸运地”； particularly意为“特别地”；
hopefully意为“充满 考查上下文逻辑关系理解和名词辨析。比尔满心期待，却没有看到约翰所描述的景象，应当是感到吃惊。to one's surprise意为“令人吃惊的是”； to one's delight意为“令人高兴的是”； to one's relief意为“令人释然的是”； to one's anger意为“令人愤怒的是”。 考查上下文关系理解。a blank wall意为“一面空白的墙”，与前面约翰的描述反差很大simple意为“简单的”； colored意为“有颜色的”； painted意为“油漆的”。 考查上下文关系和主旨的理解。从后文中we chose to express可以看出是“一种态度的选择”，应当用choice。consideration意为“考虑”；
expression意为“表达，表情”； practice意为“练习，实践”。 考查上下文关系理解和词语搭配。此句意为“对幸福的选择不像每deliver意为“投递，送交”。 考查短语辨析和语境中的逻辑理解。rather than连接两个部分，肯定前者，否定后者。句意为“是否幸福取决于一个人的态度而不是外界的因素”。better than意为“胜过，好于”； more than意为“超过”； other than意为“除了”。 考查形容词辨析和主旨理解。只要我们选择希望，生活应该是“充满生机和活力的”。 friendlyyearly，likely均为形容词，词意分别为“友好的”、“年度的”、“可能的”，词义均不恰当。～40 DABFE
